योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-117, verse-42

हे हंस मद्गुबककाकशरारुसारे मा त्वं सरस्यविरतं कुरु वासमेकः ।
आपद्यपीह समशीलवयोवचोभिः श्रेयःफला भवति संगतिरात्मवर्गैः ॥ ४२ ॥

he haṃsa madgubakakākaśarārusāre mā tvaṃ sarasyavirataṃ kuru vāsamekaḥ ,
āpadyapīha samaśīlavayovacobhiḥ śreyaḥphalā bhavati saṃgatirātmavargaiḥ 42

42. he haṃsa madgubakakākaśarārusāre mā
tvaṃ sarasi aviratam kuru vāsam ekaḥ
āpadi api iha samaśīlavayovacobhiḥ
śreyaḥphalā bhavati saṅgatiḥ ātmavargaiḥ

42. he haṃsa! tvaṃ madgubakakākaśarārusāre sarasi ekaḥ aviratam vāsam mā kuru.
iha āpadi api samaśīlavayovacobhiḥ ātmavargaiḥ saṅgatiḥ śreyaḥphalā bhavati.

42. O swan, do not dwell continuously and alone in this pond, which is teeming with cormorants, herons, crows, and śarāru birds. For, even in adversity, companionship with those of one's own kind (ātman)—those sharing similar character, age, and speech—brings about auspicious results.

Words meanings summery:

• हे (he) - O! (vocative particle)

• हंस (haṁsa) - swan

• मद्गुबककाकशरारुसारे (madgubakakākaśarārusāre) - in a pond characterized by/teeming with cormorants, herons, crows, and śarāru birds

• मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• सरसि (sarasi) - in the pond, in the lake

• अविरतम् (aviratam) - continuously, ceaselessly

• कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

• वासम् (vāsam) - dwelling, residence, abode

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, solitary, one

• आपदि (āpadi) - in adversity, in misfortune

• अपि (api) - even, also

• इह (iha) - here, in this world/context

• समशीलवयोवचोभिः (samaśīlavayovacobhiḥ) - by those of similar character, age, and speech

• श्रेयःफला (śreyaḥphalā) - yielding beneficial results, conducive to well-being

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, happens, exists

• सङ्गतिः (saṅgatiḥ) - association, company, companionship

• आत्मवर्गैः (ātmavargaiḥ) - with one's own kind/group

Words meanings and morphology

हे (he) - O! (vocative particle)

(indeclinable)

हंस (haṁsa) - swan

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose, a particular kind of mythical bird

मद्गुबककाकशरारुसारे (madgubakakākaśarārusāre) - in a pond characterized by/teeming with cormorants, herons, crows, and śarāru birds

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of madgubakakākaśarārusāra

madgubakakākaśarārusāra - having cormorants, herons, crows, and śarāru birds as its essence/prominent feature

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (madgu+baka+kāka+śarāru+sāra)

• madgu – cormorant, diver-bird
  noun (masculine)
• baka – heron, crane, a wicked man
  noun (masculine)
• kāka – crow
  noun (masculine)
• śarāru – a kind of aquatic bird (often translated as cuckoo or water-crane)
  noun (masculine)
• sāra – essence, pith, substance, best part, prominent feature
  noun (masculine/neuter)

Note: Modifies 'sarasi' (pond), which is neuter.

मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive)

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

सरसि (sarasi) - in the pond, in the lake

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saras

saras - pond, lake, water, large sheet of water

अविरतम् (aviratam) - continuously, ceaselessly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avirata

avirata - continuous, unceasing, uninterrupted

Past Passive Participle (from ram with vi and a)

Negation (a-) of Past Passive Participle of root ram (to stop) with upasarga vi (virata - stopped, avirata - unstopped, continuous).

Prefixes: a+vi

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially.

कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वासम् (vāsam) - dwelling, residence, abode

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vāsa

vāsa - dwelling, residence, abode, scent

Root: vas (class 1)

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone, solitary, one

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, alone, single, solitary

आपदि (āpadi) - in adversity, in misfortune

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - adversity, misfortune, calamity, distress

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here, in this world/context

(indeclinable)

समशीलवयोवचोभिः (samaśīlavayovacobhiḥ) - by those of similar character, age, and speech

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of samaśīlavayovacas

samaśīlavayovacas - having similar character, age, and speech

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sama+śīla+vayas+vacas)

• sama – similar, same, equal, uniform
  adjective
• śīla – character, nature, disposition, good conduct
  noun (neuter)
• vayas – age, youth, period of life
  noun (neuter)
• vacas – speech, word, utterance, voice
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)

श्रेयःफला (śreyaḥphalā) - yielding beneficial results, conducive to well-being

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śreyaḥphala

śreyaḥphala - having beneficial results, yielding good fruit/outcome

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śreyas+phala)

• śreyas – good, auspicious, excellence, well-being, merit
  noun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, happens, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

सङ्गतिः (saṅgatiḥ) - association, company, companionship

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṅgati

saṅgati - association, meeting, union, companionship, contact

आत्मवर्गैः (ātmavargaiḥ) - with one's own kind/group

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ātmavarga

ātmavarga - one's own class, one's own people, one's own group

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+varga)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essential nature, consciousness
  noun (masculine)
• varga – group, class, collection, category
  noun (masculine)