योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-92, verse-45

चिरमाधिशतोपेताः क्षपयन्ति मृगा इव ।
आत्मतत्त्वं विधिवशात्कदाचित्केचिदेव ते ॥ ४५ ॥

ciramādhiśatopetāḥ kṣapayanti mṛgā iva ,
ātmatattvaṃ vidhivaśātkadācitkecideva te 45

45. ciram ādhiśatopetāḥ kṣapayanti mṛgāḥ iva |
ātmatattvam vidhivaśāt kadācit kecit eva te ||

45. ādhiśatopetāḥ te mṛgāḥ iva ciram (jīvanam) kṣapayanti
kecit eva te kadācit vidhivaśāt ātmatattvam (jānanti)

45. For a long time, afflicted by hundreds of anxieties, they spend their days like deer. But only some of them, by the power of destiny, sometimes perceive the true nature of the self (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, for a long duration

• आधिशतोपेताः (ādhiśatopetāḥ) - endowed with hundreds of anxieties/mental pains

• क्षपयन्ति (kṣapayanti) - they waste (their lives/time) (they waste, they spend, they destroy)

• मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer, wild animals

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• आत्मतत्त्वम् (ātmatattvam) - the true nature of the self (ātman)

• विधिवशात् (vidhivaśāt) - by the power of destiny, by fate, by divine ordinance

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - sometimes, perchance, at some time

• केचित् (kecit) - some, certain ones

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• ते (te) - they, those

Words meanings and morphology

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, for a long duration

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'kṣapayanti'.

आधिशतोपेताः (ādhiśatopetāḥ) - endowed with hundreds of anxieties/mental pains

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ādhiśatopeta

ādhiśatopeta - endowed with hundreds of anxieties, afflicted by myriad mental pains

Compound: 'ādhiśata' (hundreds of anxieties) + 'upeta' (endowed with, united with).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ādhi+śata+upeta)

• ādhi – mental pain, anxiety, anguish
  noun (masculine)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• upeta – endowed with, possessed of, come near
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'upa'
  Prefix: upa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to 'te' (they).

क्षपयन्ति (kṣapayanti) - they waste (their lives/time) (they waste, they spend, they destroy)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kṣap

Present active indicative, 3rd person plural (causative stem)

From causal of root 'kṣi' (to waste, destroy) or directly root 'kṣap'. Here as 'kṣapay'.

Root: kṣi (class 1)

मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer, wild animals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, beast

Root: mṛj (class 2)

Note: Used in comparison 'like deer'.

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

आत्मतत्त्वम् (ātmatattvam) - the true nature of the self (ātman)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātmatattva

ātmatattva - the true nature of the self, essential reality of the soul (ātman)

Compound: 'ātman' (self) + 'tattva' (truth, reality, principle).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+tattva)

• ātman – self, soul, individual essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
• tattva – truth, reality, principle, essence
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of an implied verb like 'jānanti' (know) or 'labhante' (obtain).

विधिवशात् (vidhivaśāt) - by the power of destiny, by fate, by divine ordinance

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of vidhivaśa

vidhivaśa - power of destiny, control of fate, divine ordinance

Compound: 'vidhi' (destiny, fate, rule) + 'vaśa' (power, control).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vidhi+vaśa)

• vidhi – rule, ordinance, fate, destiny
  noun (masculine)
• vaśa – power, control, will, sway
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the cause of realization.

कदाचित् (kadācit) - sometimes, perchance, at some time

(indeclinable)

From 'kadā' (when) + 'cit' (an enclitic)

Note: Modifies the implied verb.

केचित् (kecit) - some, certain ones

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ka

ka - who, what (with 'cit' forms indefinite pronouns)

Indefinite pronoun formed with 'ka' + 'cit'.

Note: Refers to 'some (of them)'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'kecit'.

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Subject of 'kṣapayanti' and refers to the group from which 'kecit' are selected.