योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-46, verse-40

तस्मिंस्तथा वर्तमाने कष्टे विधिविपर्यये ।
अशेषजनताशेषकल्पान्तसदृशस्थितौ ॥ ४० ॥

tasmiṃstathā vartamāne kaṣṭe vidhiviparyaye ,
aśeṣajanatāśeṣakalpāntasadṛśasthitau 40

40. tasmin tathā vartamāne kaṣṭe vidhiviparyaye
aśeṣajanatā aśeṣakalpāntasadṛśasthitau

40. tasmin kaṣṭe vidhiviparyaye tathā vartamāne
aśeṣajanatā aśeṣakalpāntasadṛśasthitau

40. While that distressful situation, a reversal of destiny (vidhi), thus prevailed, the entire populace (janatā) found itself in a state resembling the end of a cosmic cycle (kalpānta).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that [situation] (in that, upon that)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

• वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - while prevailing (existing, being, present, prevailing)

• कष्टे (kaṣṭe) - in a distressful situation (in distress, miserable, difficult, afflicted)

• विधिविपर्यये (vidhiviparyaye) - in a reversal of destiny (vidhi) (in a reversal of destiny/rule)

• अशेषजनता (aśeṣajanatā) - the entire populace, all people

• अशेषकल्पान्तसदृशस्थितौ (aśeṣakalpāntasadṛśasthitau) - in a state resembling the end of an entire cosmic cycle (kalpa) (in a state resembling the end of an entire cosmic cycle)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that [situation] (in that, upon that)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

(indeclinable)

वर्तमाने (vartamāne) - while prevailing (existing, being, present, prevailing)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - existing, being, present, current

Present Active Participle

From √vṛt

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कष्टे (kaṣṭe) - in a distressful situation (in distress, miserable, difficult, afflicted)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - distressful, miserable, difficult, painful; misery, suffering

विधिविपर्यये (vidhiviparyaye) - in a reversal of destiny (vidhi) (in a reversal of destiny/rule)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vidhiviparyaya

vidhiviparyaya - reversal of rule/destiny

Ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidhi+viparyaya)

• vidhi – rule, ordinance, destiny, fate, natural law
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• viparyaya – reversal, inversion, contrary, opposite
  noun (masculine)
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)

अशेषजनता (aśeṣajanatā) - the entire populace, all people

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of aśeṣajanatā

aśeṣajanatā - the entire populace

Karmadhāraya compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (aśeṣa+janatā)

• aśeṣa – all, entire, complete, without remainder
  adjective (masculine)
  Nañ-tatpuruṣa from a + śeṣa
• janatā – populace, people, multitude
  noun (feminine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

अशेषकल्पान्तसदृशस्थितौ (aśeṣakalpāntasadṛśasthitau) - in a state resembling the end of an entire cosmic cycle (kalpa) (in a state resembling the end of an entire cosmic cycle)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of aśeṣakalpāntasadṛśasthiti

aśeṣakalpāntasadṛśasthiti - a condition like the end of a cosmic cycle

Tatpuruṣa or Karmadhāraya compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (aśeṣa+kalpa+anta+sadṛśa+sthiti)

• aśeṣa – all, entire, complete, without remainder
  adjective (masculine)
  Nañ-tatpuruṣa from a + śeṣa
• kalpa – cosmic cycle, a day of Brahmā
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kḷp (class 1)
• anta – end, boundary, limit
  noun (masculine)
• sadṛśa – resembling, similar, like
  adjective (masculine)
• sthiti – state, condition, position, stability
  noun (feminine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)