योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-46, verse-9

धुनानं वल्लकीतन्त्रीं करपल्लवलीलया ।
मृदुरेफं रणद्रेफामलिश्रेणिमिव द्रुमम् ॥ ९ ॥

dhunānaṃ vallakītantrīṃ karapallavalīlayā ,
mṛdurephaṃ raṇadrephāmaliśreṇimiva drumam 9

9. dhunānam vallakī-tantrīm kara-pallava-līlayā
mṛdu-repham raṇat-rephām ali-śreṇim iva drumam

9. (saḥ śvapacapeṭakam) vallakī-tantrīm
kara-pallava-līlayā dhunānam
(apaśyat) mṛdu-repham raṇat-rephām
ali-śreṇim iva drumam (dhunānam - implied)

9. (He saw the group) agitating the strings of a vīṇā with the playful grace of their sprout-like hands, just as a tree is (agitated by) a softly humming, buzzing swarm of bees.

Words meanings summery:

• धुनानम् (dhunānam) - Referring to the group of dog-eaters playing the vīṇā. (shaking, agitating, vibrating)

• वल्लकी-तन्त्रीम् (vallakī-tantrīm) - the string of a vīṇā (lute)

• कर-पल्लव-लीलया (kara-pallava-līlayā) - with the playful ease of a sprout-like hand

• मृदु-रेफम् (mṛdu-repham) - having a soft hum/buzz

• रणत्-रेफाम् (raṇat-rephām) - buzzing bees

• अलि-श्रेणिम् (ali-śreṇim) - a swarm/row of bees

• इव (iva) - like, as

• द्रुमम् (drumam) - tree

Words meanings and morphology

धुनानम् (dhunānam) - Referring to the group of dog-eaters playing the vīṇā. (shaking, agitating, vibrating)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhunāna

dhunāna - shaking, agitating, vibrating

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root `dhū` (class 5) 'to shake', in a present active participle form (śānac).

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Participle referring to the activity of the observed group.

वल्लकी-तन्त्रीम् (vallakī-tantrīm) - the string of a vīṇā (lute)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vallakī-tantrī

vallakī-tantrī - string of a vīṇā/lute

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vallakī+tantrī)

• vallakī – vīṇā (a stringed musical instrument), lute
  noun (feminine)
• tantrī – string, chord, thread
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of `dhunānam`.

कर-पल्लव-लीलया (kara-pallava-līlayā) - with the playful ease of a sprout-like hand

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kara-pallava-līlā

kara-pallava-līlā - playful grace of sprout-like hands

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kara+pallava+līlā)

• kara – hand, ray
  noun (masculine)
• pallava – sprout, tender leaf, twig
  noun (masculine)
• līlā – play, sport, pastime, grace, ease, charm
  noun (feminine)

Note: Indicates the manner of action.

मृदु-रेफम् (mṛdu-repham) - having a soft hum/buzz

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛdu-repha

mṛdu-repha - having a soft hum, softly buzzing

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mṛdu+repha)

• mṛdu – soft, gentle, mild
  adjective
• repha – humming, buzzing (sound of bees), sound 'r'
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies `drumam`.

रणत्-रेफाम् (raṇat-rephām) - buzzing bees

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of raṇat-repha

raṇat-repha - buzzing, humming (bees)

Present Active Participle

`raṇat` (buzzing, humming) from root `raṇ` (to sound). `repha` refers to bees (due to their humming). So 'buzzing bees'.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (raṇat+rephā)

• raṇat – sounding, humming, buzzing
  participle
  Present Active Participle
  From root `raṇ` 'to sound, hum'.
  Root: raṇ (class 1)
• rephā – female bee, humming
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adjective for `ali-śreṇim`.

अलि-श्रेणिम् (ali-śreṇim) - a swarm/row of bees

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ali-śreṇi

ali-śreṇi - swarm of bees, line of bees

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ali+śreṇi)

• ali – bee
  noun (masculine)
• śreṇi – row, line, series, swarm, class
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of comparison with the agitated vīṇā.

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating comparison.

द्रुमम् (drumam) - tree

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree

Root: dru

Note: The object to which the vīṇā-playing group is compared.