योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-46, verse-10

एकस्तस्मात्समुत्तस्थौ जरावान्रक्तलोचनः ।
काचश्रृङ्गहिमापूर्णमिव श्वपचनायकः ॥ १० ॥

ekastasmātsamuttasthau jarāvānraktalocanaḥ ,
kācaśrṛṅgahimāpūrṇamiva śvapacanāyakaḥ 10

10. ekaḥ tasmāt samuttasthau jarāvān rakta-locanaḥ
kāca-śṛṅga-hima-āpūrṇam iva śvapaca-nāyakaḥ

10. tasmāt ekaḥ jarāvān rakta-locanaḥ śvapaca-nāyakaḥ
kāca-śṛṅga-hima-āpūrṇam iva samuttasthau

10. From that (group), one man, old and red-eyed, arose, resembling a chieftain of dog-eaters who appeared as if laden with shards of glass, horns, and snow.

10. מביניהם קם אדם אחד, מנהיג בני הַשְׁוַופַּצַ'ה, איש ישיש בעל עיניים אדומות, שנראה כמו פסגת הר זכוכית המושלגת.

Words meanings summery:

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one man (from the group) (one, a certain one)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that group or place mentioned previously (from that, thence)

• समुत्तस्थौ (samuttasthau) - arose, stood up

• जरावान् (jarāvān) - old, aged

• रक्त-लोचनः (rakta-locanaḥ) - red-eyed

• काच-शृङ्ग-हिम-आपूर्णम् (kāca-śṛṅga-hima-āpūrṇam) - covered with shards of glass, horns, and snow (describing a rough/wild appearance) (filled with glass, horns, and snow)

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• श्वपच-नायकः (śvapaca-nāyakaḥ) - chief of dog-eaters, leader of outcasts

Words meanings and morphology

एकः (ekaḥ) - one man (from the group) (one, a certain one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique, sole, chief

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from that group or place mentioned previously (from that, thence)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

समुत्तस्थौ (samuttasthau) - arose, stood up

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of sam-ud-sthā

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

जरावान् (jarāvān) - old, aged

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jarāvat

jarāvat - possessing old age, aged, decrepit

रक्त-लोचनः (rakta-locanaḥ) - red-eyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakta-locana

rakta-locana - red-eyed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rakta+locana)

• rakta – red, dyed, colored, passionate
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root rañj (to color, dye)
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• locana – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  From root loc (to see)
  Root: loc

काच-शृङ्ग-हिम-आपूर्णम् (kāca-śṛṅga-hima-āpūrṇam) - covered with shards of glass, horns, and snow (describing a rough/wild appearance) (filled with glass, horns, and snow)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāca-śṛṅga-hima-āpūrṇa

kāca-śṛṅga-hima-āpūrṇa - filled with glass, horns, and snow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāca+śṛṅga+hima+āpūrṇa)

• kāca – glass, crystal, a disease of the eye
  noun (masculine)
• śṛṅga – horn, peak, summit
  noun (neuter)
• hima – snow, ice, cold
  noun (neuter)
• āpūrṇa – filled, full, complete
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root pṝ (to fill) with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: pṝ (class 9)

Note: Used here as part of a simile, describing the appearance of the chief of outcasts.

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

श्वपच-नायकः (śvapaca-nāyakaḥ) - chief of dog-eaters, leader of outcasts

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śvapaca-nāyaka

śvapaca-nāyaka - leader of dog-eaters, chief of outcasts

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvapaca+nāyaka)

• śvapaca – dog-eater, an outcast, caṇḍāla
  noun (masculine)
• nāyaka – leader, chief, general, guide
  noun (masculine)
  From root nī (to lead)
  Root: nī (class 1)

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