योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-46, verse-46

श्रीवाल्मीकिरुवाच ।
इत्युक्तवत्यथ मुनौ दिवसो जगाम सायंतनाय विधयेऽस्तमिनो जगाम ।
स्नातुं सभा कृतनमस्करणा जगाम श्यामाक्षये रविकरैश्च सहाजगाम ॥ ४६ ॥

śrīvālmīkiruvāca ,
ityuktavatyatha munau divaso jagāma sāyaṃtanāya vidhaye'stamino jagāma ,
snātuṃ sabhā kṛtanamaskaraṇā jagāma śyāmākṣaye ravikaraiśca sahājagāma 46

46. iti uktavati atha munau divasaḥ jagāma
sāyaṃtanāya vidhaye astaminaḥ jagāma
snātum sabhā kṛtanamaskaraṇā jagāma
śyāmākṣaye ravikaraiḥ ca saha ājagāma

46. atha munau iti uktavati,
divasaḥ sāyaṃtanāya vidhaye jagāma,
astaminaḥ jagāma.
kṛtanamaskaraṇā sabhā snātum jagāma.
śyāmākṣaye ca ravikaraiḥ saha (rātriḥ) ājagāma.

46. Śrī Vālmīki said: Thus, when the sage had spoken, the day passed for the evening rituals, and the setting sun departed. The assembly, having offered salutations, went to bathe. As twilight faded into night, darkness also arrived along with the last sunbeams.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• उक्तवति (uktavati) - when the sage had spoken (having spoken, when spoken)

• अथ (atha) - then, next, thereafter

• मुनौ (munau) - when the sage (Vasiṣṭha) (in/on the sage, to/with the sage)

• दिवसः (divasaḥ) - day

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded, passed

• सायंतनाय (sāyaṁtanāya) - for the evening, relating to evening

• विधये (vidhaye) - for the evening ritual (for the ritual, for the rule, for the performance)

• अस्तमिनः (astaminaḥ) - the setting sun (setting, going to rest; the setting sun)

• जगाम (jagāma) - the sun set (went, departed, set)

• स्नातुम् (snātum) - to bathe

• सभा (sabhā) - assembly, gathering, council

• कृतनमस्करणा (kṛtanamaskaraṇā) - the assembly, having offered salutations (having performed salutations, one by whom salutations have been offered)

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

• श्यामाक्षये (śyāmākṣaye) - as twilight faded into night (at the end of night/twilight/darkness)

• रविकरैः (ravikaraiḥ) - by sun's rays, with sunbeams

• च (ca) - and, also

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• आजगाम (ājagāma) - (night/darkness) arrived (came, approached, arrived)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

उक्तवति (uktavati) - when the sage had spoken (having spoken, when spoken)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of uktavat

uktavat - having spoken, one who has spoken

Past Active Participle

Derived from root `vac` (to speak) with suffix `ktavat`, meaning 'having done'. Declines like `bhagavat`.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `munau`.

अथ (atha) - then, next, thereafter

(indeclinable)

मुनौ (munau) - when the sage (Vasiṣṭha) (in/on the sage, to/with the sage)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit; one who observes a vow of silence

Note: Refers to sage Vasiṣṭha.

दिवसः (divasaḥ) - day

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divasa

divasa - day, daytime

जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded, passed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form of `gam`.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used twice in the verse, with `divasaḥ` and `astaminaḥ`.

सायंतनाय (sāyaṁtanāya) - for the evening, relating to evening

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of sāyaṃtana

sāyaṁtana - belonging to the evening, evening

Derived from `sāyam` (evening) with suffix `tana`.

Note: Agrees with `vidhaye`.

विधये (vidhaye) - for the evening ritual (for the ritual, for the rule, for the performance)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, precept, injunction; method, manner; ritual, ceremony; fate, destiny

Root: dhā (class 3)

अस्तमिनः (astaminaḥ) - the setting sun (setting, going to rest; the setting sun)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of astamin

astamin - one who goes to rest or sets (like the sun); setting

Derived from `asta` (setting) with `ini` suffix.

Note: Functions as a nominative agent, implying the sun.

जगाम (jagāma) - the sun set (went, departed, set)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form of `gam`.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Verb for `astaminaḥ`.

स्नातुम् (snātum) - to bathe

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of `snā` (to bathe).

Root: snā (class 2)

Note: Functions as a purpose infinitive.

सभा (sabhā) - assembly, gathering, council

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, congregation, council, meeting; an assembly hall

कृतनमस्करणा (kṛtanamaskaraṇā) - the assembly, having offered salutations (having performed salutations, one by whom salutations have been offered)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛtanamaskaraṇā

kṛtanamaskaraṇā - one who has made obeisance, one by whom salutations have been performed

Compound adjective describing the `sabhā` (assembly).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+namaskaraṇā)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `kṛ` (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• namaskaraṇā – salutation, obeisance, act of bowing
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from `namas` (bowing) and `karaṇa` (doing).
  Prefix: namas
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `sabhā`.

जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Irregular perfect form of `gam`.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Verb for `sabhā`.

श्यामाक्षये (śyāmākṣaye) - as twilight faded into night (at the end of night/twilight/darkness)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śyāmākṣaya

śyāmākṣaya - end of darkness/night/twilight

Compound noun formed from `śyāmā` (night/darkness/twilight) and `kṣaya` (end, destruction).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śyāmā+kṣaya)

• śyāmā – dark, black; night, twilight; a dark-complexioned woman
  noun (feminine)
• kṣaya – end, destruction, decay, loss, termination
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `kṣi` (to perish, decay).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

रविकरैः (ravikaraiḥ) - by sun's rays, with sunbeams

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ravikara

ravikara - sunbeam, ray of the sun

Compound noun from `ravi` (sun) and `kara` (ray).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ravi+kara)

• ravi – sun, sun-god
  noun (masculine)
• kara – hand; ray (of light); tax
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `kṛ` (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with `ravikaraiḥ`.

आजगाम (ājagāma) - (night/darkness) arrived (came, approached, arrived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of ā-gam

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Perfect form of `ā-gam` (to come). `ā` is an upasarga.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Implied subject is `rātri` (night) or `sandhyā` (twilight).