योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-46, verse-33

करुणारावमुखरैः कलत्रैर्बाष्पवर्षिभिः ।
अवष्टब्धं ज्वलत्कुण्डोपान्तमन्दरुदत्प्रजम् ॥ ३३ ॥

karuṇārāvamukharaiḥ kalatrairbāṣpavarṣibhiḥ ,
avaṣṭabdhaṃ jvalatkuṇḍopāntamandarudatprajam 33

33. karuṇārāvamukharaiḥ kalatraiḥ bāṣpavarṣibhiḥ
avaṣṭabdham jvalatkuṇḍopāntamandarudatprajam

33. [nagaram] karuṇārāvamukharaiḥ bāṣpavarṣibhiḥ kalatraiḥ [ca]
jvalatkuṇḍopāntamandarudatprajam avaṣṭabdham [babhūva]

33. The city was crowded by wives, who were showering tears and making noise with their pitiful cries, and by people slowly weeping near the blazing fire-pits.

Words meanings summery:

• करुणारावमुखरैः (karuṇārāvamukharaiḥ) - filled with the sound of sorrowful wailing (made noisy by pitiful cries, resounding with cries of compassion)

• कलत्रैः (kalatraiḥ) - by the womenfolk (of the city) (by wives, by women)

• बाष्पवर्षिभिः (bāṣpavarṣibhiḥ) - by the weeping women (by those showering tears, by those raining tears)

• अवष्टब्धम् (avaṣṭabdham) - densely surrounded or covered (crowded, surrounded, obstructed, supported)

• ज्वलत्कुण्डोपान्तमन्दरुदत्प्रजम् (jvalatkuṇḍopāntamandarudatprajam) - where people are grieving softly by the edge of the burning pyres (having people slowly weeping near the blazing fire-pits)

Words meanings and morphology

करुणारावमुखरैः (karuṇārāvamukharaiḥ) - filled with the sound of sorrowful wailing (made noisy by pitiful cries, resounding with cries of compassion)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of karuṇārāvamukhara

karuṇārāvamukhara - made noisy by pitiful cries

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karuṇā+rāva+mukhara)

• karuṇā – pity, compassion, tenderness
  noun (feminine)
• rāva – cry, roar, sound
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √ru 'to cry, make a noise'.
  Root: ru (class 2)
• mukhara – noisy, talkative, sounding, eloquent
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from mukha 'mouth'.

Note: Modifies `kalatraiḥ`.

कलत्रैः (kalatraiḥ) - by the womenfolk (of the city) (by wives, by women)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of kalatra

kalatra - wife, woman (often used collectively or in a depreciatory sense)

Note: Agent in instrumental case with `avaṣṭabdham`.

बाष्पवर्षिभिः (bāṣpavarṣibhiḥ) - by the weeping women (by those showering tears, by those raining tears)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṣpavarṣin

bāṣpavarṣin - showering tears, raining tears

agent noun / present active participle suffix -in

Compound of bāṣpa (tear) and varṣin (raining, showering). Varṣin is an agent noun from √vṛṣ 'to rain'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāṣpa+varṣin)

• bāṣpa – tear, vapor, steam
  noun (masculine)
• varṣin – raining, showering, shedding
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun / present active participle suffix -in
  Derived from root √vṛṣ (class 1) 'to rain, shower'.
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies `kalatraiḥ`.

अवष्टब्धम् (avaṣṭabdham) - densely surrounded or covered (crowded, surrounded, obstructed, supported)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ṣṭambh

ṣṭambh - to fix, to support, to obstruct, to make stiff

Past Passive Participle

Root √ṣṭambh (class 5/9) 'to fix, support'. With upasarga ava-. Past Passive Participle.

Prefix: ava

Root: ṣṭambh (class 5)

Note: Refers to the city (`nagaram`) from the previous verse (implied).

ज्वलत्कुण्डोपान्तमन्दरुदत्प्रजम् (jvalatkuṇḍopāntamandarudatprajam) - where people are grieving softly by the edge of the burning pyres (having people slowly weeping near the blazing fire-pits)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jvalatkuṇḍopāntamandarudatpraja

jvalatkuṇḍopāntamandarudatpraja - having people slowly weeping near the blazing fire-pits

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jvalat+kuṇḍa+upānta+manda+rudat+praja)

• jvalat – blazing, burning
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root √jval (class 1) 'to burn, blaze'. Present active participle.
  Root: jval (class 1)
• kuṇḍa – pit, basin, sacrificial fire-pit
  noun (neuter)
• upānta – near, vicinity, edge
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
• manda – slow, gentle, faint, dull
  adjective (masculine)
• rudat – weeping, crying
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  Derived from root √rud (class 2) 'to weep, cry'. Present active participle.
  Root: rud (class 2)
• praja – people, subjects, offspring
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the city (`nagaram`) from the previous verse (implied).