योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-50, verse-39

हरिश्वभ्रमिवारूढं प्लवेनोर्ध्वमिव द्रुमम् ।
क्रीडित्वा पीडयामास शरवर्षैर्विदूरथम् ॥ ३९ ॥

hariśvabhramivārūḍhaṃ plavenordhvamiva drumam ,
krīḍitvā pīḍayāmāsa śaravarṣairvidūratham 39

39. hariśvabhram iva ārūḍham plavena ūrdhvam iva
drumam krīḍitvā pīḍayāmāsa śaravarṣaiḥ vidūratham

39. (saḥ) krīḍitvā hariśvabhram iva ārūḍham plavena
ūrdhvam iva drumam vidūratham śaravarṣaiḥ pīḍayāmāsa

39. Having played (with him), he tormented Vidūratha with volleys of arrows, as if (Vidūratha was) a tree precariously (carried) upwards by a raft, or as if (he was someone) trapped in a lion's pit.

Words meanings summery:

• हरिश्वभ्रम् (hariśvabhram) - a pit for lions, a lion's den (lion's pit)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• आरूढम् (ārūḍham) - fallen into, trapped in (figurative) (mounted, ascended, entered, placed upon)

• प्लवेन (plavena) - by a raft (by a raft, by floating, by swimming)

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, precariously elevated (upwards, aloft, elevated)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• द्रुमम् (drumam) - a tree (in a precarious state) (tree)

• क्रीडित्वा (krīḍitvā) - having played (with him/toyed with him) (having played, having sported)

• पीडयामास (pīḍayāmāsa) - he tormented, he harassed (he oppressed, he tormented, he afflicted)

• शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with volleys of arrows (with showers of arrows, with volleys of arrows)

• विदूरथम् (vidūratham) - Vidūratha (the king/opponent being tormented) (Vidūratha (proper noun))

Words meanings and morphology

हरिश्वभ्रम् (hariśvabhram) - a pit for lions, a lion's den (lion's pit)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hariśvabhra

hariśvabhra - a lion's pit

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (hari+śvabhra)

• hari – lion, sun, Vishnu, Indra
  noun (masculine)
• śvabhra – pit, hole, cavity, abyss
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially or as object of implied verb in the simile

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

आरूढम् (ārūḍham) - fallen into, trapped in (figurative) (mounted, ascended, entered, placed upon)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārūḍha

āruḍh - to mount, ascend, enter, be placed upon

Past Passive Participle

From prefix `ā-` + root `ruh` (to ascend) + `kta` suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of the one who is `vidūratham`

प्लवेन (plavena) - by a raft (by a raft, by floating, by swimming)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of plava

plava - raft, boat, float, swimming, leaping

From root `plu` (to float, swim)

Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Denotes the means

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, precariously elevated (upwards, aloft, elevated)

(indeclinable)

Note: Describes direction or state

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

द्रुमम् (drumam) - a tree (in a precarious state) (tree)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree, wood, forest

Root: dru (class 1)

क्रीडित्वा (krīḍitvā) - having played (with him/toyed with him) (having played, having sported)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `krīḍ` (1st class, `krīḍati`) + suffix `-tvā`

Root: krīḍ (class 1)

पीडयामास (pīḍayāmāsa) - he tormented, he harassed (he oppressed, he tormented, he afflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pīḍayāmāsa

Perfect (liṭ)

`āmāsa` is a periphrastic perfect auxiliary. From causative stem `pīḍay-` + `āmāsa`. `pīḍay` is derived from root `pīḍ` (to vex, harass)

Root: pīḍ (class 1)

शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with volleys of arrows (with showers of arrows, with volleys of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - a shower of arrows, a volley of arrows

Compound noun

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ (class 5)
• varṣa – rain, shower, year
  noun (neuter)
  From root `vṛṣ` (to rain)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Denotes the means of tormenting

विदूरथम् (vidūratham) - Vidūratha (the king/opponent being tormented) (Vidūratha (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidūratha

vidūratha - name of a king, Vidūratha