योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-50, verse-37

कष्टं वज्रमिवेन्द्रेण मुसलं सिन्धुनेक्षितम् ।
जवात्पतिः प्रयातो मे सैन्धवं मुसलायुधम् ॥ ३७ ॥

kaṣṭaṃ vajramivendreṇa musalaṃ sindhunekṣitam ,
javātpatiḥ prayāto me saindhavaṃ musalāyudham 37

37. kaṣṭam vajram iva indreṇa musalam sindhunā ikṣitam
javāt patiḥ prayātaḥ me saindhavam musalāyudham

37. kaṣṭam! indreṇa vajram iva musalam sindhunā ikṣitam.
me saindhavam musalāyudham patiḥ javāt prayātaḥ.

37. Alas! The mace, like Indra's thunderbolt, was seen by the king of Sindhu. My husband, the Sindhu king (saindhava), whose weapon was a mace, quickly departed.

Words meanings summery:

• कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - alas, woe, painful, difficult

• वज्रम् (vajram) - thunderbolt, diamond

• इव (iva) - like, as, just as

• इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

• मुसलम् (musalam) - mace, pestle

• सिन्धुना (sindhunā) - by the king of Sindhu (Jayadratha) (by the Sindhu king, by the river)

• इक्षितम् (ikṣitam) - seen, observed

• जवात् (javāt) - quickly, rapidly, from speed

• पतिः (patiḥ) - husband, lord, master

• प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - departed, gone away, dead

• मे (me) - my, of me, for me

• सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - the Sindhu king (belonging to Sindhu, king of Sindhu)

• मुसलायुधम् (musalāyudham) - whose weapon is a mace

Words meanings and morphology

कष्टम् (kaṣṭam) - alas, woe, painful, difficult

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here as an exclamation 'Alas!'

वज्रम् (vajram) - thunderbolt, diamond

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vajra

vajra - thunderbolt (weapon of Indra), diamond, hard, mighty

इव (iva) - like, as, just as

(indeclinable)

इन्द्रेण (indreṇa) - by Indra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of the gods, wielder of the thunderbolt)

मुसलम् (musalam) - mace, pestle

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of musala

musala - mace, club, pestle, rammer

सिन्धुना (sindhunā) - by the king of Sindhu (Jayadratha) (by the Sindhu king, by the river)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sindhu

sindhu - river, ocean, Indus (river), name of a country/region, king of Sindhu

इक्षितम् (ikṣitam) - seen, observed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ikṣita

ikṣita - seen, observed, viewed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √ikṣ (to see). Note: Standard root for 'to see' is √īkṣ (long ī), but 'ikṣitam' with short 'i' fits sandhi here.

Root: √ikṣ (class 1)

जवात् (javāt) - quickly, rapidly, from speed

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of java

java - speed, swiftness, velocity

Root: √jū

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'quickly'.

पतिः (patiḥ) - husband, lord, master

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - master, lord, owner, husband

प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - departed, gone away, dead

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, departed, gone away, dead

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root pra-√yā (to go forth, depart)

Prefix: pra

Root: √yā (class 2)

मे (me) - my, of me, for me

(pronoun)

singular of mad

mad - I, me

सैन्धवम् (saindhavam) - the Sindhu king (belonging to Sindhu, king of Sindhu)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saindhava

saindhava - relating to Sindhu, born in Sindhu, a resident/king of Sindhu

Derived from Sindhu (region/river)

मुसलायुधम् (musalāyudham) - whose weapon is a mace

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of musalāyudha

musalāyudha - having a mace as a weapon

Compound type : bahuvrihi (musala+āyudha)

• musala – mace, club
  noun (neuter)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)