वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-83, verse-41

निकृत्तशिरसः के चिद् रावणेन वलीमुखाः ।
निरुच्छ्वासा हताः के चित् के चित् पार्श्वेषु दारिताः ।
के चिद्विभिन्नशिरसः के चिच्चक्षुर्विवर्जिताः ॥४१॥

41. nikṛttaśirasaḥ ke cid rāvaṇena valīmukhāḥ ,
nirucchvāsā hatāḥ ke cit ke cit pārśveṣu dāritāḥ ,
ke cidvibhinnaśirasaḥ ke ciccakṣurvivarjitāḥ.

41. nikṛttaśirasaḥ ke cit rāvaṇena
valīmukhāḥ nirucchvāsāḥ hatāḥ ke cit
ke cit pārśveṣu dāritāḥ ke cit
vibhinnaśirasaḥ ke cit cakṣurvivarjitāḥ

41. ke cit valīmukhāḥ rāvaṇena nikṛttaśirasaḥ
(āsan); ke cit nirucchvāsāḥ hatāḥ;
ke cit pārśveṣu dāritāḥ; ke cit
vibhinnaśirasaḥ; ke cit cakṣurvivarjitāḥ

41. Some monkeys had their heads severed by Rāvaṇa. Some were killed, deprived of breath. Others were torn open at their sides. Some had their heads shattered, and some were deprived of their eyes.

Words meanings summery:

• निकृत्तशिरसः (nikṛttaśirasaḥ) - of those with severed heads, whose heads are cut off

• के (ke) - some, which

• चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness

• रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa

• वलीमुखाः (valīmukhāḥ) - monkeys

• निरुच्छ्वासाः (nirucchvāsāḥ) - breathless, deprived of breath

• हताः (hatāḥ) - killed, struck

• के (ke) - some, which

• चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness

• के (ke) - some, which

• चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness

• पार्श्वेषु (pārśveṣu) - in the sides

• दारिताः (dāritāḥ) - torn, split, rent asunder

• के (ke) - some, which

• चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness

• विभिन्नशिरसः (vibhinnaśirasaḥ) - whose heads were shattered, with shattered heads

• के (ke) - some, which

• चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness

• चक्षुर्विवर्जिताः (cakṣurvivarjitāḥ) - deprived of eyes, without eyes

Words meanings and morphology

निकृत्तशिरसः (nikṛttaśirasaḥ) - of those with severed heads, whose heads are cut off

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nikṛttaśiras

nikṛttaśiras - one whose head is cut off

Compound of 'nikṛtta' (severed) and 'śiras' (head). 'nikṛtta' is Past Passive Participle of √kṛt with 'ni'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nikṛtta+śiras)

• nikṛtta – cut off, severed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṛt (to cut) with prefix 'ni-'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: kṛt (class 6)
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

के (ke) - some, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Used with 'cit' to form indefinite pronoun 'some'.

चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness

(indeclinable)

रावणेन (rāvaṇena) - by Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper noun, the demon king)

Root: ru

वलीमुखाः (valīmukhāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of valīmukha

valīmukha - monkey (lit. 'having a wrinkled face')

Compound of 'valī' (wrinkle) and 'mukha' (face).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (valī+mukha)

• valī – wrinkle, fold
  noun (feminine)
  Root: val (class 1)
• mukha – face, mouth
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the first clause, refers to 'ke cit'.

निरुच्छ्वासाः (nirucchvāsāḥ) - breathless, deprived of breath

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirucchvāsa

nirucchvāsa - breathless, without breath

Compound of 'nis' (without) and 'ucchvāsa' (breath).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+ucchvāsa)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
• ucchvāsa – breath, exhalation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √śvas with 'ud-'.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Adjectival predicate for 'ke cit' (monkeys).

हताः (hatāḥ) - killed, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - struck, killed, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate for 'ke cit' (monkeys).

के (ke) - some, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Used with 'cit' to form indefinite pronoun 'some'.

चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness

(indeclinable)

के (ke) - some, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Used with 'cit' to form indefinite pronoun 'some'.

चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness

(indeclinable)

पार्श्वेषु (pārśveṣu) - in the sides

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of pārśva

pārśva - side, flank

Root: pṛś

दारिताः (dāritāḥ) - torn, split, rent asunder

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dārita

dārita - torn, split, rent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from causative of root √dṛ (to tear, split).

Root: dṛ (class 6)

Note: Predicate for 'ke cit' (monkeys).

के (ke) - some, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Used with 'cit' to form indefinite pronoun 'some'.

चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness

(indeclinable)

विभिन्नशिरसः (vibhinnaśirasaḥ) - whose heads were shattered, with shattered heads

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vibhinnaśiras

vibhinnaśiras - one whose head is shattered

Compound of 'vibhinna' (shattered) and 'śiras' (head). 'vibhinna' is Past Passive Participle of √bhid with 'vi'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vibhinna+śiras)

• vibhinna – shattered, broken, cleft
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √bhid (to break, cleave) with prefix 'vi-'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhid (class 7)
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate for 'ke cit' (monkeys).

के (ke) - some, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Used with 'cit' to form indefinite pronoun 'some'.

चित् (cit) - particle indicating indefiniteness

(indeclinable)

चक्षुर्विवर्जिताः (cakṣurvivarjitāḥ) - deprived of eyes, without eyes

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of cakṣurvivarjita

cakṣurvivarjita - deprived of eyes

Compound of 'cakṣus' (eye) and 'vivarjita' (deprived). 'vivarjita' is Past Passive Participle of √vṛj with 'vi'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (cakṣus+vivarjita)

• cakṣus – eye, sight
  noun (neuter)
  Root: cakṣ (class 2)
• vivarjita – abandoned, deprived, forsaken
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √vṛj (to abandon) with prefix 'vi-'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛj (class 10)

Note: Predicate for 'ke cit' (monkeys).