वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-83, verse-30

ततो युद्धाय तेजस्वी रक्षोगणबलैर्वृतः ।
निर्ययाव् उद्यतधनुः कालान्तकयमोमपः ॥३०॥

30. tato yuddhāya tejasvī rakṣogaṇabalairvṛtaḥ ,
niryayāv udyatadhanuḥ kālāntakayamomapaḥ.

30. tataḥ yuddhāya tejasvī rakṣogaṇabalaiḥ vṛtaḥ
niryayau udyatadhanuḥ kālāntakayamopamaḥ

30. Then, that radiant one, surrounded by the forces of the rākṣasa hordes, marched forth for battle, with his bow raised, resembling Yama, the terminator of time.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that)

• युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

• तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - that radiant one, powerful one (referring to the protagonist, likely Rāvaṇa) (radiant, glorious, powerful, splendid)

• रक्षोगणबलैः (rakṣogaṇabalaiḥ) - by the forces of the hordes of rākṣasas

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied, surrounded (surrounded, encompassed, covered, accompanied)

• निर्ययौ (niryayau) - he went forth, he marched out, he exited

• उद्यतधनुः (udyatadhanuḥ) - with bow raised, whose bow is raised

• कालान्तकयमोपमः (kālāntakayamopamaḥ) - resembling Yama, the terminator of time; like Yama, the god of death

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: An adverbial indeclinable

युद्धाय (yuddhāya) - for battle, for war

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `yudh` (to fight) but used as a noun

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Expresses purpose

तेजस्वी (tejasvī) - that radiant one, powerful one (referring to the protagonist, likely Rāvaṇa) (radiant, glorious, powerful, splendid)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tejasvin

tejasvin - radiant, glorious, powerful, energetic

Derived from `tejas` (splendor, power) with suffix `vin`

Note: Qualifies the implied subject

रक्षोगणबलैः (rakṣogaṇabalaiḥ) - by the forces of the hordes of rākṣasas

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of rakṣogaṇabala

rakṣogaṇabala - forces of rākṣasa hosts

Compound type : tatpurusha (rakṣas+gaṇa+bala)

• rakṣas – demon, rākṣasa
  noun (neuter)
• gaṇa – host, multitude, troop, horde
  noun (masculine)
• bala – force, strength, army, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates means or accompaniment

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - accompanied, surrounded (surrounded, encompassed, covered, accompanied)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `vṛ` (to cover, surround, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject

निर्ययौ (niryayau) - he went forth, he marched out, he exited

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of niryā

Compound verb from `nir-` (out) and root `yā` (to go)

Prefix: nis

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: The main verb of the sentence

उद्यतधनुः (udyatadhanuḥ) - with bow raised, whose bow is raised

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udyatadhanus

udyatadhanus - with bow raised

Compound type : bahuvrihi (udyata+dhanus)

• udyata – raised, lifted, prepared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `yam` (to restrain, hold) with prefix `ud-`
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)
• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject

कालान्तकयमोपमः (kālāntakayamopamaḥ) - resembling Yama, the terminator of time; like Yama, the god of death

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kālāntakayamopama

kālāntakayamopama - resembling Yama, the terminator of time

Compound type : tatpurusha (kālāntaka+yama+upama)

• kālāntaka – terminator of time, destroyer of time (an epithet of Yama or Shiva)
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of `kāla` (time) and `antaka` (ender, destroyer)
• yama – Yama, the god of death
  proper noun (masculine)
• upama – like, resembling, similar to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject