वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-83, verse-31

ततः प्रजवनाश्वेन रथेन स महारथः ।
द्वारेण निर्ययौ तेन यत्र तौ रामलक्ष्मणौ ॥३१॥

31. tataḥ prajavanāśvena rathena sa mahārathaḥ ,
dvāreṇa niryayau tena yatra tau rāmalakṣmaṇau.

31. tataḥ prajavanāśvena rathena saḥ mahārathaḥ
dvāreṇa niryayau tena yatra tau rāmalakṣmaṇau

31. Then, that great warrior, in a chariot drawn by swift horses, marched out through the very gate where Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa were.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that)

• प्रजवनाश्वेन (prajavanāśvena) - with swift horses, by means of swift horses

• रथेन (rathena) - by chariot, with a chariot

• सः (saḥ) - he (the main protagonist, likely Rāvaṇa) (he, that (one))

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great warrior, a great charioteer

• द्वारेण (dvāreṇa) - through the gate, by the door

• निर्ययौ (niryayau) - he went forth, he marched out, he exited

• तेन (tena) - through that (gate) (by that, through that)

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• तौ (tau) - those two, they two

• रामलक्ष्मणौ (rāmalakṣmaṇau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: An adverbial indeclinable

प्रजवनाश्वेन (prajavanāśvena) - with swift horses, by means of swift horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of prajavanāśva

prajavanāśva - a swift horse, a horse that is very swift

Compound type : karmadhāraya (prajavana+aśva)

• prajavana – very swift, rapid
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from `pra-` (very) and `javana` (swift)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: ju (class 1)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes the means of travel, refers to the horses pulling the chariot

रथेन (rathena) - by chariot, with a chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram

Note: Refers to the chariot itself

सः (saḥ) - he (the main protagonist, likely Rāvaṇa) (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject of the verb

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great warrior, a great charioteer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a great charioteer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, fighter from a chariot, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram

Note: In apposition to `saḥ`

द्वारेण (dvāreṇa) - through the gate, by the door

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dvāra

dvāra - gate, door, entrance

Note: Indicates the path of egress

निर्ययौ (niryayau) - he went forth, he marched out, he exited

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of niryā

Compound verb from `nir-` (out) and root `yā` (to go)

Prefix: nis

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: The main verb

तेन (tena) - through that (gate) (by that, through that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with `dvāreṇa`

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a locative clause

तौ (tau) - those two, they two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa

रामलक्ष्मणौ (rāmalakṣmaṇau) - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rāmalakṣmaṇa

rāmalakṣmaṇa - Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa

Compound type : dvandva (rāma+lakṣmaṇa)

• rāma – Rāma (a proper name, son of Daśaratha)
  proper noun (masculine)
• lakṣmaṇa – Lakṣmaṇa (a proper name, brother of Rāma)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'were'