वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-83, verse-4

उवाच च समीपस्थान् राक्षसान् राक्षसेश्वरः ।
भयाव्यक्तकथांस्तत्र निर्दहन्निव चक्षुषा ॥४॥

4. uvāca ca samīpasthān rākṣasān rākṣaseśvaraḥ ,
bhayāvyaktakathāṃstatra nirdahanniva cakṣuṣā.

4. uvāca ca samīpasthān rākṣasān rākṣaseśvaraḥ
bhayāvyaktakathān tatra nirdahan iva cakṣuṣā

4. rākṣaseśvaraḥ ca tatra bhayāvyaktakathān
samīpasthān rākṣasān cakṣuṣā nirdahan iva uvāca

4. And the lord of rākṣasas spoke to the nearby rākṣasas, whose words were made indistinct by fear, as if scorching them with his eye.

Words meanings summery:

• उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

• च (ca) - and, also

• समीपस्थान् (samīpasthān) - those standing near, nearby

• राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - rākṣasas, demons

• राक्षसेश्वरः (rākṣaseśvaraḥ) - the lord of rākṣasas, the chief of demons

• भयाव्यक्तकथान् (bhayāvyaktakathān) - whose words are rendered indistinct by fear, having indistinct speech due to fear

• तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

• निर्दहन् (nirdahan) - burning, scorching, consuming

• इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

• चक्षुषा (cakṣuṣā) - with the eye, by means of his gaze

Words meanings and morphology

उवाच (uvāca) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (Liṭ lakāra)

Reduplicated perfect form of √vac, 3rd person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

समीपस्थान् (samīpasthān) - those standing near, nearby

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samīpastha

samīpastha - standing near, nearby, present

Compound of `samīpa` (near) + `stha` (standing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (samīpa+stha)

• samīpa – near, proximity, vicinity
  indeclinable
• stha – standing, staying, being in
  adjective
  From `√sthā` (to stand) + `a` suffix.
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies `rākṣasān`.

राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - rākṣasas, demons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a rākṣasa, demon, giant

Note: Direct object of `uvāca`.

राक्षसेश्वरः (rākṣaseśvaraḥ) - the lord of rākṣasas, the chief of demons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣaseśvara

rākṣaseśvara - lord of rākṣasas, chief of demons (Rāvaṇa)

Compound of `rākṣasa` (demon) + `īśvara` (lord, master).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+īśvara)

• rākṣasa – a rākṣasa, demon, giant
  noun (masculine)
• īśvara – lord, master, controller, powerful
  noun (masculine)
  From `īś` (to own, be master of) + `vara` suffix.
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

भयाव्यक्तकथान् (bhayāvyaktakathān) - whose words are rendered indistinct by fear, having indistinct speech due to fear

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhayāvyaktakathā

bhayāvyaktakathā - whose speech is indistinct due to fear

Compound of `bhaya` (fear) + `avyakta` (unmanifest, indistinct) + `kathā` (speech, words).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhaya+avyakta+kathā)

• bhaya – fear, terror, dread
  noun (neuter)
  From `√bhī` (to fear) + `a` suffix.
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• avyakta – unmanifest, indistinct, unclear, unrevealed
  adjective
  Compound of `a-` (negation) + `vyakta` (manifest, clear). `vyakta` is PPP of `vi-√añj`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)
• kathā – story, tale, speech, narrative
  noun (feminine)
  From `√kath` (to tell).
  Root: kath (class 10)

तत्र (tatra) - there, then, in that place

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb derived from pronoun `tad`.

निर्दहन् (nirdahan) - burning, scorching, consuming

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirdahat

nirdahat - burning down, consuming, scorching, destroying

Present Active Participle

From `nir-√dah` (to burn down, consume) + `śatṛ` suffix.

Prefix: nir

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverbial modifier indicating simultaneous action.

इव (iva) - like, as, as it were

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

चक्षुषा (cakṣuṣā) - with the eye, by means of his gaze

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of cakṣus

cakṣus - eye, sight, vision

Root `√cakṣ` (to see) + `us` suffix.

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

Note: Instrument by which he 'scorches'.