वाल्मीकि-रामायणम्
vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam
-
book-6, chapter-83, verse-3
संदश्य दशनैरोष्ठं क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः ।
राक्षसैरपि दुर्दर्शः कालाग्निरिव मूर्छितः ॥३॥
राक्षसैरपि दुर्दर्शः कालाग्निरिव मूर्छितः ॥३॥
3. saṃdaśya daśanairoṣṭhaṃ krodhasaṃraktalocanaḥ ,
rākṣasairapi durdarśaḥ kālāgniriva mūrchitaḥ.
rākṣasairapi durdarśaḥ kālāgniriva mūrchitaḥ.
3.
saṃdaśya daśanaiḥ oṣṭham krodhasaṃraktalocanaḥ
rākṣasaiḥ api durdarśaḥ kālāgniḥ iva mūrcchitaḥ
rākṣasaiḥ api durdarśaḥ kālāgniḥ iva mūrcchitaḥ
3.
saṃdaśya daśanaiḥ oṣṭham krodhasaṃraktalocanaḥ
rākṣasaiḥ api durdarśaḥ mūrcchitaḥ kālāgniḥ iva
rākṣasaiḥ api durdarśaḥ mūrcchitaḥ kālāgniḥ iva
3.
Biting his lip with his teeth, his eyes inflamed red with anger, he was difficult to behold even for other rākṣasas, like the intensified fire of universal destruction.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- संदश्य (saṁdaśya) - having bitten, having gnashed
- दशनैः (daśanaiḥ) - with teeth
- ओष्ठम् (oṣṭham) - lip
- क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः (krodhasaṁraktalocanaḥ) - one whose eyes are inflamed with anger
- राक्षसैः (rākṣasaiḥ) - by rākṣasas, by demons
- अपि (api) - even, also
- दुर्दर्शः (durdarśaḥ) - difficult to see, dreadful to behold
- कालाग्निः (kālāgniḥ) - the fire of time, the fire of universal destruction
- इव (iva) - like, as, as it were
- मूर्च्छितः (mūrcchitaḥ) - blazing forth, intensified (in context of fire) (swooned, intensified, blazing forth, manifested violently)
Words meanings and morphology
संदश्य (saṁdaśya) - having bitten, having gnashed
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Formed from `sam-√daṃś` (to bite) + `lyap` suffix.
Prefix: sam
Root: daṃś (class 1)
दशनैः (daśanaiḥ) - with teeth
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of daśana
daśana - tooth, biting, tusk
From `√daṃś` (to bite) + `ana` suffix.
Root: daṃś (class 1)
ओष्ठम् (oṣṭham) - lip
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of oṣṭha
oṣṭha - lip
Note: Object of `saṃdaśya`.
क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः (krodhasaṁraktalocanaḥ) - one whose eyes are inflamed with anger
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhasaṃraktalocana
krodhasaṁraktalocana - having eyes red with anger, eyes inflamed by wrath
Compound.
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (krodha+saṃrakta+locana)
- krodha – anger, wrath, rage
noun (masculine)
From `√krudh` (to be angry).
Root: krudh (class 4) - saṃrakta – thoroughly red, inflamed, deeply colored
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From `sam-√rañj` (to color, dye) + kta suffix.
Prefix: sam
Root: rañj (class 1) - locana – eye, seeing
noun (neuter)
From `√loc` (to see) or `√ruc` (to shine).
Root: loc (class 1)
Note: Attributive adjective for Rāvaṇa.
राक्षसैः (rākṣasaiḥ) - by rākṣasas, by demons
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of rākṣasa
rākṣasa - a rākṣasa, demon, giant
Note: Agent of being `durdarśaḥ`.
अपि (api) - even, also
(indeclinable)
An emphasizing particle.
दुर्दर्शः (durdarśaḥ) - difficult to see, dreadful to behold
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of durdarśa
durdarśa - difficult to see, difficult to behold, dreadful in appearance, formidable
Compound of `dur` (difficult, bad) + `darśa` (seeing, looking).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+darśa)
- dur – bad, difficult, ill
indeclinable
Prefix indicating difficulty or badness. - darśa – seeing, showing, appearance
noun (masculine)
From `√dṛś` (to see) + `a` suffix.
Root: dṛś (class 1)
Note: Predicative adjective for Rāvaṇa.
कालाग्निः (kālāgniḥ) - the fire of time, the fire of universal destruction
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kālāgni
kālāgni - the fire of time, the destructive fire that consumes the world at the end of a cosmic age
Compound of `kāla` (time, death) + `agni` (fire).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+agni)
- kāla – time, destiny, death
noun (masculine) - agni – fire, god of fire
noun (masculine)
Note: Part of the simile.
इव (iva) - like, as, as it were
(indeclinable)
Particle of comparison.
मूर्च्छितः (mūrcchitaḥ) - blazing forth, intensified (in context of fire) (swooned, intensified, blazing forth, manifested violently)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mūrcchita
mūrcchita - swooned, fainted, stupified; also intensified, grown, strongly manifested
Past Passive Participle
From `√mūrcch` (to swoon, grow, thicken, become strong) + `kta` suffix. Here, "intensified" or "blazing forth" in context of fire.
Root: mūrcch (class 1)
Note: Functions as an attribute of `kālāgniḥ`.