वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-60, verse-9

समास्थाय महातेजा रथं हरिरथोपमम् ।
जगाम सहसा तत्र यत्र युद्धमरिंदम ॥९॥

9. samāsthāya mahātejā rathaṃ harirathopamam ,
jagāma sahasā tatra yatra yuddhamariṃdama.

9. samāsthāya mahātejā rathaṃ harirathopamam
jagāma sahasā tatra yatra yuddham ariṃdama

9. ariṃdama mahātejā harirathopamam rathaṃ
samāsthāya sahasā yatra yuddham tatra jagāma

9. O subduer of enemies, the greatly refulgent one, having mounted a chariot resembling Indra's, swiftly went to the place where the battle was.

Words meanings summery:

• समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted (the chariot) (having mounted, having taken up, having resorted to)

• महातेजा (mahātejā) - the greatly refulgent one (greatly refulgent, highly energetic, very glorious)

• रथं (rathaṁ) - a chariot (as the object mounted) (chariot)

• हरिरथोपमम् (harirathopamam) - resembling Indra's chariot (qualifying rathaṃ) (resembling Indra's chariot)

• जगाम (jagāma) - (he) went (went, proceeded)

• सहसा (sahasā) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, suddenly, forcibly)

• तत्र (tatra) - there (to that place) (there, in that place)

• यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - the battle (battle, fight, war)

• अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - O subduer of enemies (subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes)

Words meanings and morphology

समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted (the chariot) (having mounted, having taken up, having resorted to)

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam- and ā-.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

महातेजा (mahātejā) - the greatly refulgent one (greatly refulgent, highly energetic, very glorious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - greatly refulgent, highly energetic, very glorious

mahā (great) + tejas (splendor, energy).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, might
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tij

Note: Represents the subject of the sentence.

रथं (rathaṁ) - a chariot (as the object mounted) (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

From root ram (to delight) with atha suffix, implying "that in which one delights" or "that which moves".

Root: ram (class 1)

हरिरथोपमम् (harirathopamam) - resembling Indra's chariot (qualifying rathaṃ) (resembling Indra's chariot)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of harirathopama

harirathopama - like Hari's (Indra's) chariot

Compound: Hari (Indra) + ratha (chariot) + upama (resemblance).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hari+ratha+upama)

• hari – Indra, Viṣṇu, lion, horse
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• upama – resemblance, simile, comparison, like
  noun (masculine/feminine/neuter)

Note: Agrees with rathaṃ.

जगाम (jagāma) - (he) went (went, proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect active

Reduplicated perfect tense form of gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

सहसा (sahasā) - swiftly (quickly, swiftly, suddenly, forcibly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

तत्र (tatra) - there (to that place) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem tad.

यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem yad.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - the battle (battle, fight, war)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From root yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: The battle (was occurring).

अरिंदम (ariṁdama) - O subduer of enemies (subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ariṃdama

ariṁdama - subduer of enemies, conqueror of foes

ari (enemy) + dam (to subdue) + agent suffix.

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming, self-control
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root dam with suffix -a
  Root: dam (class 4)

Previous Verse Next Verse