वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-60, verse-31

ते केवलं संददृशुः शिताग्रान्बाणान् रणे वानरवाहिनीषु ।
माया निगूढं च सुरेन्द्रशत्रुं न चात्र तं राक्षसमभ्यपश्यन् ॥३१॥

31. te kevalaṃ saṃdadṛśuḥ śitāgrānbāṇān raṇe vānaravāhinīṣu ,
māyā nigūḍhaṃ ca surendraśatruṃ na cātra taṃ rākṣasamabhyapaśyan.

31. te kevalam saṃdadṛśuḥ śitāgrān
bāṇān raṇe vānaravāhinīṣu māyā
nigūḍham ca surendraśatrum na ca
atra tam rākṣasam abhyapaśyan

31. te raṇe vānaravāhinīṣu kevalam
śitāgrān bāṇān saṃdadṛśuḥ ca
atra māyā nigūḍham tam surendraśatrum
rākṣasam na abhyapaśyan

31. They only saw the sharp-pointed arrows in the battle among the monkey armies. They did not, however, see that demon, the foe of the gods (Indrajit), who was concealed by illusion (māyā).

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - They (the monkeys) (they, those)

• केवलम् (kevalam) - only (only, merely, solely)

• संददृशुः (saṁdadṛśuḥ) - they saw (they saw, they beheld)

• शिताग्रान् (śitāgrān) - sharp-pointed (arrows) (sharp-pointed, sharp-tipped)

• बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

• रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

• वानरवाहिनीषु (vānaravāhinīṣu) - among the monkey armies (among the monkey armies, in the monkey hosts)

• माया (māyā) - by illusion (māyā) (by illusion, by magic)

• निगूढम् (nigūḍham) - hidden (by illusion) (hidden, concealed, secret)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सुरेन्द्रशत्रुम् (surendraśatrum) - the enemy of the gods (Indrajit) (the enemy of the lord of gods, foe of Indra)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - however (and, also)

• अत्र (atra) - in this situation (here, in this matter, in this situation)

• तम् (tam) - that (demon) (him, that)

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - the demon (Indrajit) (demon, evil spirit)

• अभ्यपश्यन् (abhyapaśyan) - they saw (they saw, they perceived)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - They (the monkeys) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

केवलम् (kevalam) - only (only, merely, solely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

संददृशुः (saṁdadṛśuḥ) - they saw (they saw, they beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of dṛś

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

शिताग्रान् (śitāgrān) - sharp-pointed (arrows) (sharp-pointed, sharp-tipped)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śitāgra

śitāgra - sharp-pointed, keen-edged

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śita+agra)

• śita – sharpened, keen, whetted
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of root śo (to sharpen).
  Root: śo (class 4)
• agra – tip, point, front, summit
  noun (neuter)

बाणान् (bāṇān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

रणे (raṇe) - in the battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)

वानरवाहिनीषु (vānaravāhinīṣu) - among the monkey armies (among the monkey armies, in the monkey hosts)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of vānaravāhinī

vānaravāhinī - army of monkeys, host of monkeys

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vānara+vāhinī)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• vāhinī – army, host, troop
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root vah (to carry, to flow).
  Root: vah (class 1)

माया (māyā) - by illusion (māyā) (by illusion, by magic)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of māyā

māyā - illusion, magic, supernatural power, artifice

निगूढम् (nigūḍham) - hidden (by illusion) (hidden, concealed, secret)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nigūḍha

nigūḍha - hidden, concealed, secret

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root guh (to hide) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: guh (class 1)

Note: Adjectival use of a past passive participle.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सुरेन्द्रशत्रुम् (surendraśatrum) - the enemy of the gods (Indrajit) (the enemy of the lord of gods, foe of Indra)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of surendraśatru

surendraśatru - enemy of the lord of gods (Indra)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sura+indra+śatru)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, Indra
  noun (masculine)
• śatru – enemy, foe, rival
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - however (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here to imply 'but' or 'however' when combined with 'na'.

अत्र (atra) - in this situation (here, in this matter, in this situation)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (demon) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - the demon (Indrajit) (demon, evil spirit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, pertaining to a rākṣasa

अभ्यपश्यन् (abhyapaśyan) - they saw (they saw, they perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (Laṅ) of dṛś

Prefix: abhi

Root: dṛś (class 1)

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