वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-60, verse-18

तथोक्तो राक्षसेन्द्रेण प्रतिगृह्य महाशिषः ।
रथेनाश्वयुजा वीरः शीघ्रं गत्वा निकुम्भिलाम् ॥१८॥

18. tathokto rākṣasendreṇa pratigṛhya mahāśiṣaḥ ,
rathenāśvayujā vīraḥ śīghraṃ gatvā nikumbhilām.

18. tathā uktaḥ rākṣasendreṇa pratigṛhya mahā-āśiṣaḥ
rathena aśvayujā vīraḥ śīghram gatvā nikumbhilām

18. rākṣasendreṇa tathā uktaḥ vīraḥ mahā-āśiṣaḥ
pratigṛhya aśvayujā rathena śīghram nikumbhilām gatvā

18. Thus addressed by the lord of the rākṣasas (Ravana), the hero (Indrajit), having received great blessings, quickly went to Nikumbhilā by his horse-drawn chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

• राक्षसेन्द्रेण (rākṣasendreṇa) - by Ravana (by the lord of rākṣasas (demons))

• प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having received, having accepted

• महा-आशिषः (mahā-āśiṣaḥ) - great blessings

• रथेन (rathena) - by chariot, with a chariot

• अश्वयुजा (aśvayujā) - drawn by horses, yoked with horses

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - Indrajit (hero, brave man)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

• निकुम्भिलाम् (nikumbhilām) - to Nikumbhilā (a specific sacred grove)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of manner.

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - spoken, said, addressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

from root vac (to speak) + kta (suffix for past passive participle)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the hero (Indrajit) as being addressed.

राक्षसेन्द्रेण (rākṣasendreṇa) - by Ravana (by the lord of rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - chief of the rākṣasas, lord of demons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – demon, rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the action 'uktaḥ'.

प्रतिगृह्य (pratigṛhya) - having received, having accepted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root gṛh (to seize, take) with prefix prati, suffix -ya for absolutive

Prefix: prati

Root: gṛh (class 9)

Note: Indicates a preceding action by the subject of the main action (Indrajit).

महा-आशिषः (mahā-āśiṣaḥ) - great blessings

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of mahāśiṣ

mahāśiṣ - great blessing, great benediction

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+āśiṣ)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• āśiṣ – blessing, benediction, wish
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of 'pratigṛhya'.

रथेन (rathena) - by chariot, with a chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Indicates the means of travel.

अश्वयुजा (aśvayujā) - drawn by horses, yoked with horses

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of aśvayuj

aśvayuj - yoked with horses, drawn by horses

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśva+yuj)

• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• yuj – yoked, joined, connected (from root yuj)
  adjective
  secondary derivative (related to Past Passive Participle)
  from root yuj (to join, yoke)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'rathena'.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - Indrajit (hero, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Subject of the implied main actions (receiving blessings and going).

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage, modifying 'gatvā'.

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root gam (to go) + ktvā (suffix for absolutive)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Indicates a preceding action by the subject.

निकुम्भिलाम् (nikumbhilām) - to Nikumbhilā (a specific sacred grove)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nikumbhilā

nikumbhilā - name of a sacred grove or place

Note: Object of motion, indicating destination.

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