वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-60, verse-21

स हविर्जालसंस्कारैर्माल्यगन्धपुरस्कृतैः ।
जुहुवे पावकं तत्र राक्षसेन्द्रः प्रतापवान् ॥२१॥

21. sa havirjālasaṃskārairmālyagandhapuraskṛtaiḥ ,
juhuve pāvakaṃ tatra rākṣasendraḥ pratāpavān.

21. saḥ havirjālasaṃskāraiḥ mālyagandhapuraskṛtaiḥ
juhuve pāvakam tatra rākṣasendraḥ pratāpavān

21. tatra pratāpavān rākṣasendraḥ mālyagandhapuraskṛtaiḥ
havirjālasaṃskāraiḥ pāvakam saḥ juhuve

21. There, the powerful lord of rākṣasas performed a Vedic fire ritual (homa), offering oblations that were sanctified with garlands and perfumes.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (referring to Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

• हविर्जालसंस्कारैः (havirjālasaṁskāraiḥ) - with the prepared offerings for the ritual (with arrangements of offerings, with sanctified groups of oblations)

• माल्यगन्धपुरस्कृतैः (mālyagandhapuraskṛtaiḥ) - the oblations that were honored with garlands and perfumes (preceded by garlands and perfumes, honored with garlands and scents)

• जुहुवे (juhuve) - Rāvaṇa offered oblations into the fire (he offered (into fire))

• पावकम् (pāvakam) - the ritual fire (fire, purifier)

• तत्र (tatra) - at the site of the ritual (there, in that place)

• राक्षसेन्द्रः (rākṣasendraḥ) - Rāvaṇa, the lord of rākṣasas (king of rākṣasas, chief of demons)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - The powerful Rāvaṇa (powerful, mighty, glorious)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (referring to Rāvaṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हविर्जालसंस्कारैः (havirjālasaṁskāraiḥ) - with the prepared offerings for the ritual (with arrangements of offerings, with sanctified groups of oblations)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of havirjālasaṃskāra

havirjālasaṁskāra - arrangement/sanctification of groups of oblations

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (havis+jāla+saṃskāra)

• havis – oblation, offering
  noun (neuter)
• jāla – net, collection, multitude, array
  noun (neuter)
• saṃskāra – purification, preparation, refinement, ritual ceremony, impression
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Compound: havis (neuter) + jāla (neuter) + saṃskāra (masculine). Here, 'jāla' suggests an array or collection, 'saṃskāra' implies purification or preparation.

माल्यगन्धपुरस्कृतैः (mālyagandhapuraskṛtaiḥ) - the oblations that were honored with garlands and perfumes (preceded by garlands and perfumes, honored with garlands and scents)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mālyagandhapuraskṛta

mālyagandhapuraskṛta - preceded/honored by garlands and perfumes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mālya+gandha+puraskṛta)

• mālya – garland, wreath
  noun (neuter)
• gandha – smell, perfume, fragrance
  noun (masculine)
• puraskṛta – placed in front, honored, preceded by
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from puras + kṛ (to do, make), meaning 'made to be in front'
  Prefix: puras
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with havirjālasaṃskāraiḥ. A tatpuruṣa compound of mālya and gandha, then puraskṛta qualifies.

जुहुवे (juhuve) - Rāvaṇa offered oblations into the fire (he offered (into fire))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of hu

Perf. Middle 3rd sg.

Perfect tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular, root hu (class 3)

Root: hu (class 3)

पावकम् (pāvakam) - the ritual fire (fire, purifier)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, purifier, clean

Derived from root pū (to purify)

Root: pū (class 9)

Note: Direct object of juhuve

तत्र (tatra) - at the site of the ritual (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

राक्षसेन्द्रः (rākṣasendraḥ) - Rāvaṇa, the lord of rākṣasas (king of rākṣasas, chief of demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasendra

rākṣasendra - lord/chief of rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+indra)

• rākṣasa – a demon, a rākṣasa
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of juhuve

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - The powerful Rāvaṇa (powerful, mighty, glorious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - powerful, glorious, mighty

possessive suffix -vat from pratāpa

Prefix: prati

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies rākṣasendraḥ

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