वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-60, verse-44

स्वयम्भुवा दत्तवरो महात्मा खमास्थितो ऽन्तर्हितभीमकायः ।
कथं नु शक्यो युधि नष्टदेहो निहन्तुमद्येन्द्रजिदुद्यतास्त्रः ॥४४॥

44. svayambhuvā dattavaro mahātmā khamāsthito'ntarhitabhīmakāyaḥ ,
kathaṃ nu śakyo yudhi naṣṭadeho nihantumadyendrajidudyatāstraḥ.

44. svayambhuvā dattavaraḥ mahātmā kham
āsthitaḥ antarhitabhīmakāyaḥ
katham nu śakyaḥ yudhi naṣṭadehaḥ
nihantum adya indrajit udyatāstraḥ

44. svayambhuvā dattavaraḥ mahātmā kham
āsthitaḥ antarhitabhīmakāyaḥ
udyatāstraḥ indrajit naṣṭadehaḥ (san)
adya yudhi nihantum katham nu śakyaḥ

44. How indeed can this great-souled Indrajit, who was granted a boon by Brahmā, now positioned in the sky with his formidable body concealed and his weapon drawn, possibly be defeated in battle today?

Words meanings summery:

• स्वयम्भुवा (svayambhuvā) - by Brahmā (by the self-existent one (Brahma))

• दत्तवरः (dattavaraḥ) - who was granted a boon (having a boon granted)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled (great-souled, noble)

• खम् (kham) - sky (sky, space)

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - positioned in (situated, standing, resorting to)

• अन्तर्हितभीमकायः (antarhitabhīmakāyaḥ) - with his formidable body concealed (having a terrible body hidden/invisible)

• कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

• नु (nu) - indeed (indeed, then, now)

• शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (possible, able to be)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• नष्टदेहः (naṣṭadehaḥ) - with his body concealed (having a vanished/invisible body)

• निहन्तुम् (nihantum) - to be defeated/killed (to kill, to destroy)

• अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

• इन्द्रजित् (indrajit) - Indrajit (Indrajit (proper name))

• उद्यतास्त्रः (udyatāstraḥ) - with his weapon drawn (having a raised/drawn weapon)

Words meanings and morphology

स्वयम्भुवा (svayambhuvā) - by Brahmā (by the self-existent one (Brahma))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of svayambhū

svayambhū - the self-existent, creator (epithet of Brahmā)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (svayam+bhū)

• svayam – oneself, by itself
  indeclinable
• bhū – being, existence
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Agent in passive construction.

दत्तवरः (dattavaraḥ) - who was granted a boon (having a boon granted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dattavara

dattavara - one to whom a boon has been granted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (datta+vara)

• datta – given, granted
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From √dā (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• vara – boon, blessing, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'indrajit'.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled (great-souled, noble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, magnificent

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'indrajit'.

खम् (kham) - sky (sky, space)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, space, ether

Note: Used adverbially or as object of implied 'entering/being in'.

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - positioned in (situated, standing, resorting to)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - situated, standing, being in, resorted to

past passive participle

From √sthā (to stand) with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'indrajit'.

अन्तर्हितभीमकायः (antarhitabhīmakāyaḥ) - with his formidable body concealed (having a terrible body hidden/invisible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of antarhitabhīmakāya

antarhitabhīmakāya - whose terrible body is hidden/invisible

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (antarhita+bhīma+kāya)

• antarhita – hidden, concealed, disappeared
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From √dhā (to place) with prefix antar-
  Prefix: antar
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
• kāya – body
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'indrajit'.

कथम् (katham) - how (how, why)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

नु (nu) - indeed (indeed, then, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, often in interrogative sentences.

शक्यः (śakyaḥ) - possible (possible, able to be)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, practicable, able to be done

gerundive/potential passive participle

From √śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Predicative adjective to 'indrajit'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Note: Locative case, indicating place.

नष्टदेहः (naṣṭadehaḥ) - with his body concealed (having a vanished/invisible body)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naṣṭadeha

naṣṭadeha - whose body has vanished, invisible

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (naṣṭa+deha)

• naṣṭa – lost, destroyed, vanished
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From √naś (to perish, vanish)
  Root: naś (class 4)
• deha – body
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'indrajit'.

निहन्तुम् (nihantum) - to be defeated/killed (to kill, to destroy)

(infinitive)

Note: Expresses purpose; used with 'śakyaḥ' (possible to kill).

अद्य (adya) - today (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

इन्द्रजित् (indrajit) - Indrajit (Indrajit (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indrajit

indrajit - conqueror of Indra (proper name)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indra+jit)

• indra – Indra (lord of gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• jit – conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  From √ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'śakyaḥ nihantum'.

उद्यतास्त्रः (udyatāstraḥ) - with his weapon drawn (having a raised/drawn weapon)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udyatāstra

udyatāstra - having a weapon raised/prepared

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (udyata+astra)

• udyata – raised, lifted, prepared
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From √yam (to restrain, hold) with prefix ud-
  Prefix: ud
  Root: yam (class 1)
• astra – missile, weapon
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying 'indrajit'.

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