वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-36, verse-6

तौ वीरशयने वीरौ शयानौ मन्दचेष्टितौ ।
यूथपैस्तैः परिवृतौ बाष्पव्याकुललोचनैः ॥६॥

6. tau vīraśayane vīrau śayānau mandaceṣṭitau ,
yūthapaistaiḥ parivṛtau bāṣpavyākulalocanaiḥ.

6. tau vīraśayane vīrau śayānau mandaceṣṭitau
yūthapaiḥ taiḥ parivṛtau bāṣpavyākulalocanaiḥ

6. tau vīrau vīraśayane śayānau mandaceṣṭitau
taiḥ bāṣpavyākulalocanaiḥ yūthapaiḥ parivṛtau

6. Those two heroes lay on the battlefield, their movements sluggish, surrounded by their troop leaders whose eyes were agitated with tears.

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - Rama and Lakshmana (those two)

• वीरशयने (vīraśayane) - on the battlefield (where a hero falls) (on a hero's bed)

• वीरौ (vīrau) - Rama and Lakshmana (two heroes)

• शयानौ (śayānau) - lying down

• मन्दचेष्टितौ (mandaceṣṭitau) - with sluggish movements/efforts

• यूथपैः (yūthapaiḥ) - by the leaders of the monkey army (by troop leaders, by leaders of groups)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (specific) troop leaders (by those)

• परिवृतौ (parivṛtau) - surrounded

• बाष्पव्याकुललोचनैः (bāṣpavyākulalocanaiḥ) - whose eyes were agitated/disturbed by tears

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - Rama and Lakshmana (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Rama and Lakshmana.

वीरशयने (vīraśayane) - on the battlefield (where a hero falls) (on a hero's bed)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vīraśayana

vīraśayana - hero's bed, battlefield

Tatpurusha compound of 'vīra' and 'śayana'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (vīra+śayana)

• vīra – hero, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• śayana – bed, couch, lying down
  noun (neuter)
  From root śī (to lie down).
  Root: śī (class 2)

वीरौ (vīrau) - Rama and Lakshmana (two heroes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valorous

Note: Noun in apposition to 'tau'.

शयानौ (śayānau) - lying down

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of śayāna

śayāna - lying, reposing, sleeping

Present Middle Participle

From root śī (to lie down).

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'vīrau'.

मन्दचेष्टितौ (mandaceṣṭitau) - with sluggish movements/efforts

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mandaceṣṭita

mandaceṣṭita - having sluggish movements/efforts; inactive

Bahuvrihi compound of 'manda' and 'ceṣṭita'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (manda+ceṣṭita)

• manda – slow, dull, weak, sluggish
  adjective (masculine)
• ceṣṭita – movement, effort, action
  noun (neuter)
  Past passive participle of ceṣṭ (to move) used as a noun.
  Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vīrau'.

यूथपैः (yūthapaiḥ) - by the leaders of the monkey army (by troop leaders, by leaders of groups)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of yūthapa

yūthapa - troop leader, chief of a herd/group

Tatpurusha compound of 'yūtha' and 'pa'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (yūtha+pa)

• yūtha – group, herd, troop
  noun (neuter)
• pa – protector, ruler, keeper
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Agent of 'parivṛtau'.

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (specific) troop leaders (by those)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Qualifies 'yūthapaiḥ'.

परिवृतौ (parivṛtau) - surrounded

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of parivṛta

parivṛta - surrounded, encompassed, covered

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, enclose) with prefix pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'vīrau'.

बाष्पव्याकुललोचनैः (bāṣpavyākulalocanaiḥ) - whose eyes were agitated/disturbed by tears

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṣpavyākulalocana

bāṣpavyākulalocana - having eyes agitated by tears

Bahuvrihi compound 'bāṣpa-vyākula-locana'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bāṣpa+vyākula+locana)

• bāṣpa – tear, steam, vapor
  noun (masculine)
• vyākula – agitated, distressed, confused
  adjective (masculine)
  From vi + ā + kula (root kul 'to collect' or 'to roar').
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: kul (class 1)
• locana – eye, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  From root loc (to see).
  Root: loc (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'yūthapaiḥ'.

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