वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-36, verse-16

रामस्य लक्ष्मणस्यैव सर्वेषां च वनौकसाम् ।
विक्रमा निष्फलाः सर्वे यथा शरदि तोयदाः ॥१६॥

16. rāmasya lakṣmaṇasyaiva sarveṣāṃ ca vanaukasām ,
vikramā niṣphalāḥ sarve yathā śaradi toyadāḥ.

16. rāmasya lakṣmaṇasya eva sarveṣām ca vana-okasām
vikramāḥ niṣphalāḥ sarve yathā śaradi toyadāḥ

16. All the valiant deeds of Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa, and indeed all the forest-dwellers are now futile, just like clouds in the autumn season.

Words meanings summery:

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• लक्ष्मणस्य (lakṣmaṇasya) - of Lakṣmaṇa

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, even

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• च (ca) - and

• वन-ओकसाम् (vana-okasām) - of the forest-dwellers (the Vanara army and other allies of Rāma) (of the forest-dwellers)

• विक्रमाः (vikramāḥ) - valorous deeds, heroic acts, prowess

• निष्फलाः (niṣphalāḥ) - fruitless, unsuccessful, futile

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like

• शरदि (śaradi) - in autumn

• तोयदाः (toyadāḥ) - clouds (literally, water-givers)

Words meanings and morphology

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name, a Hindu deity, the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

Note: Possessive, refers to 'vikramāḥ'.

लक्ष्मणस्य (lakṣmaṇasya) - of Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (proper name, brother of Rāma)

Note: Possessive, refers to 'vikramāḥ'.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, even

(indeclinable)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'vana-okasām'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

वन-ओकसाम् (vana-okasām) - of the forest-dwellers (the Vanara army and other allies of Rāma) (of the forest-dwellers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vana-okas

vana-okas - forest-dweller

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+okas)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• okas – dwelling, house, abode
  noun (neuter)

विक्रमाः (vikramāḥ) - valorous deeds, heroic acts, prowess

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vikrama

vikrama - valour, heroism, mighty stride, power, courageous action

Derived from the root 'kram' (to step, stride) with prefix 'vi-'

Prefix: vi

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the predicate 'niṣphalāḥ'.

निष्फलाः (niṣphalāḥ) - fruitless, unsuccessful, futile

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niṣphala

niṣphala - fruitless, unproductive, useless, vain

Bahuvrīhi compound meaning 'without fruit' (nis + phala)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+phala)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective, agrees with 'vikramāḥ'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with 'vikramāḥ'.

यथा (yathā) - just as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

शरदि (śaradi) - in autumn

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarad

śarad - autumn

Note: Specifies the time for the comparison.

तोयदाः (toyadāḥ) - clouds (literally, water-givers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of toyada

toyada - cloud (giver of water)

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'toya' (water) and 'da' (giver)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (toya+da)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, giver
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun suffix
  Derived from the root 'dā' (to give)
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Object of comparison. Autumn clouds are known for being devoid of rain, hence 'fruitless'.