वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-36, verse-15

कृत्स्नेयं यत्कृते लङ्का नदी वर्षास्विवाकुला ।
सो ऽयं मूलहरो ऽनर्थः सर्वेषां निहतो मया ॥१५॥

15. kṛtsneyaṃ yatkṛte laṅkā nadī varṣāsvivākulā ,
so'yaṃ mūlaharo'narthaḥ sarveṣāṃ nihato mayā.

15. kṛtsnā iyam yat-kṛte laṅkā nadī varṣāsu iva ākulā
saḥ ayam mūla-haraḥ anarthaḥ sarveṣām nihataḥ mayā

15. Because of him, this whole of Laṅkā is agitated like a river during the monsoon season. That disaster, which was the root cause of trouble for everyone, has been slain by me.

Words meanings summery:

• कृत्स्ना (kṛtsnā) - entire, whole, complete

• इयम् (iyam) - this

• यत्-कृते (yat-kṛte) - because of him (implicitly Rāma/Lakṣmaṇa) (because of whom, for whom)

• लङ्का (laṅkā) - Laṅkā (proper noun, island city)

• नदी (nadī) - river

• वर्षासु (varṣāsu) - in the rainy season, during the monsoons

• इव (iva) - like, as if, just as

• आकुला (ākulā) - agitated, disturbed, full of distress

• सः (saḥ) - that (misfortune) (that, he)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (misfortune) (this)

• मूल-हरः (mūla-haraḥ) - that which destroys the root cause (of trouble) (root-destroying, eradicating the source)

• अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - the misfortune or trouble (Rama/Lakshmana) (misfortune, disaster, trouble, evil)

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all, for all

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, struck down, destroyed

• मया (mayā) - by me (Indrajit) (by me)

Words meanings and morphology

कृत्स्ना (kṛtsnā) - entire, whole, complete

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - all, whole, entire, complete

Note: Agrees with 'iyam laṅkā'.

इयम् (iyam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to Laṅkā.

यत्-कृते (yat-kṛte) - because of him (implicitly Rāma/Lakṣmaṇa) (because of whom, for whom)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yad+kṛta)

• yad – which, who, what
  pronoun (neuter)
• kṛta – done, made; sake, purpose
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'kṛ' (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

लङ्का (laṅkā) - Laṅkā (proper noun, island city)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Lanka (name of Rāvaṇa's city)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

नदी (nadī) - river

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Part of the simile comparing Laṅkā to an agitated river.

वर्षासु (varṣāsu) - in the rainy season, during the monsoons

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of varṣā

varṣā - rain, rainy season, monsoon

Derived from the root 'vṛṣ' (to rain)

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Specifies the time context for the river's agitation.

इव (iva) - like, as if, just as

(indeclinable)

आकुला (ākulā) - agitated, disturbed, full of distress

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ākula

ākula - confused, agitated, full of, distressed

Derived from the root 'kul' (to collect, crowd) with prefix 'ā-'

Prefix: ā

Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'laṅkā' and 'nadī'.

सः (saḥ) - that (misfortune) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, refers to 'anarthaḥ'.

अयम् (ayam) - this (misfortune) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, refers to 'anarthaḥ'.

मूल-हरः (mūla-haraḥ) - that which destroys the root cause (of trouble) (root-destroying, eradicating the source)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūla-hara

mūla-hara - destroying the root, eradicating

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mūla+hara)

• mūla – root, origin, foundation, cause
  noun (neuter)
• hara – taking, carrying away, destroying, removing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective
  Derived from the root 'hṛ' (to seize, take, destroy)
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'anarthaḥ'.

अनर्थः (anarthaḥ) - the misfortune or trouble (Rama/Lakshmana) (misfortune, disaster, trouble, evil)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anartha

anartha - misfortune, calamity, evil, purposeless

Negative Tatpuruṣa compound of 'a-' (not) and 'artha' (purpose, wealth, meaning)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+artha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: The subject being referred to as 'killed'.

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all, for all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'anarthaḥ'.

निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed, struck down, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, destroyed, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ni-'

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Predicate adjective, agrees with 'anarthaḥ'.

मया (mayā) - by me (Indrajit) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'nihataḥ'.