वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-22, verse-38

तमब्रवीत्ततो राजा रावणो राक्षसं स्थितम् ।
विद्युज्जिह्वं महाजिह्वं समीपपरिवर्तिनम् ॥३८॥

38. tamabravīttato rājā rāvaṇo rākṣasaṃ sthitam ,
vidyujjihvaṃ mahājihvaṃ samīpaparivartinam.

38. tam abravīt tataḥ rājā rāvaṇaḥ rākṣasam sthitam
vidyujjihvam mahājihvam samīpaparivartinam

38. tataḥ rājā rāvaṇaḥ tam sthitam samīpaparivartinam
vidyujjihvam mahājihvam rākṣasam abravīt

38. King Rāvaṇa then spoke to that demon, Vidyujjihva, who was standing nearby, the one with the great tongue (mahājihva).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (the demon) (him, that)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (the demon king)

• राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - to the demon (demon, pertaining to a demon)

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing, situated, being

• विद्युज्जिह्वम् (vidyujjihvam) - Vidyujjihva (a demon's name)

• महाजिह्वम् (mahājihvam) - epithet of Vidyujjihva (great-tongued)

• समीपपरिवर्तिनम् (samīpaparivartinam) - standing nearby, being in attendance, close by

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (the demon) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

imperfect active 3rd person singular of root brū

Root: brū (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana (the demon king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (the demon king)

राक्षसम् (rākṣasam) - to the demon (demon, pertaining to a demon)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, malevolent being

स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing, situated, being

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, stable

Past Passive Participle

past passive participle of root sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: past passive participle used adjectivally

विद्युज्जिह्वम् (vidyujjihvam) - Vidyujjihva (a demon's name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidyujjihva

vidyujjihva - lightning-tongued (name of a rākṣasa)

महाजिह्वम् (mahājihvam) - epithet of Vidyujjihva (great-tongued)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahājihva

mahājihva - great-tongued, having a large tongue

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+jihva)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• jihva – tongue
  noun (feminine)

समीपपरिवर्तिनम् (samīpaparivartinam) - standing nearby, being in attendance, close by

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samīpaparivartin

samīpaparivartin - one who is near, standing nearby, attendant

Compound type : tatpurusha (samīpa+parivartin)

• samīpa – near, proximity
  noun (neuter)
• parivartin – turning around, revolving, staying near, attending
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective from root vṛt with prefix pari
  Prefix: pari
  Root: vṛt (class 1)