वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-12, verse-47

वनेचराणां सततं नूनं स्पृहयते पुरा ।
रामस्य दयिता भार्या जनकस्य सुता सती ॥४७॥

47. vanecarāṇāṃ satataṃ nūnaṃ spṛhayate purā ,
rāmasya dayitā bhāryā janakasya sutā satī.

47. vanacarāṇām satatam nūnam spṛhayate purā
rāmasya dayitā bhāryā janakasya sutā satī

47. nūnam purā rāmasya dayitā bhāryā janakasya
sutā satī satatam vanacarāṇām spṛhayate

47. Surely, in the past, Rāma's beloved wife, the virtuous daughter of Janaka, constantly longed for the forest dwellers.

Words meanings summery:

• वनचराणाम् (vanacarāṇām) - of the forest-dwellers (of the forest-dwellers, pertaining to those who wander in the forest)

• सततम् (satatam) - constantly (constantly, always, perpetually)

• नूनम् (nūnam) - surely (surely, certainly, indeed, perhaps)

• स्पृहयते (spṛhayate) - longed for (desires, longs for, envies)

• पुरा (purā) - in the past (formerly, in ancient times, before, in front)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• दयिता (dayitā) - beloved (beloved, dear, desired (feminine))

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (Sita) (wife)

• जनकस्य (janakasya) - of Janaka (Sita's father) (of Janaka)

• सुता (sutā) - daughter (Sita) (daughter)

• सती (satī) - virtuous, chaste (Sita) (virtuous, chaste, devoted (feminine))

Words meanings and morphology

वनचराणाम् (vanacarāṇām) - of the forest-dwellers (of the forest-dwellers, pertaining to those who wander in the forest)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vanacarin

vanacarin - forest-dweller, wandering in the forest

Agent noun from vana (forest) + root car (to move, wander).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+cārin)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, walking, wandering; one who moves/wanders
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent suffix -in
  From root car (to move, wander) + suffix -in.
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of desire for the verb 'spṛhayate', which takes genitive case.

सततम् (satatam) - constantly (constantly, always, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

नूनम् (nūnam) - surely (surely, certainly, indeed, perhaps)

(indeclinable)

स्पृहयते (spṛhayate) - longed for (desires, longs for, envies)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of spṛh

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular, Ātmanepada

From root spṛh (to desire, envy) in present tense (laṭ), middle voice (Ātmanepada). It often governs the dative, but can also take genitive.

Root: spṛh (class 1)

Note: Used in a past sense here ('longed for') due to 'purā'.

पुरा (purā) - in the past (formerly, in ancient times, before, in front)

(indeclinable)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name), charming, pleasing

दयिता (dayitā) - beloved (beloved, dear, desired (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dayita

dayita - beloved, dear, desired

Past Passive Participle

From root day (to pity, love) + suffix -ita.

Root: day (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhāryā and sutā (Sita).

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife (Sita) (wife)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, a woman to be supported

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root bhṛ (to bear, support) + suffix -ya.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Sita.

जनकस्य (janakasya) - of Janaka (Sita's father) (of Janaka)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - father, progenitor, Janaka (a proper name, father of Sita)

From root jan (to be born, produce) + suffix -aka.

Root: jan (class 4)

सुता (sutā) - daughter (Sita) (daughter)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sutā

sutā - daughter

Feminine of suta (son), from root su (to produce, bear).

Root: su (class 2)

Note: Refers to Sita.

सती (satī) - virtuous, chaste (Sita) (virtuous, chaste, devoted (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of satī

satī - a virtuous woman, a chaste wife, existing, being

Present Participle (feminine)

Feminine of 'sat' (being, existing, good), present participle of root 'as' (to be).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with bhāryā and sutā.