वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-12, verse-31

पुनरावृत्ततोयां च ददर्श स महाकपिः ।
प्रसन्नामिव कान्तस्य कान्तां पुनरुपस्थिताम् ॥३१॥

31. punarāvṛttatoyāṃ ca dadarśa sa mahākapiḥ ,
prasannāmiva kāntasya kāntāṃ punarupasthitām.

31. punar āvṛttatoyām ca dadarśa sa mahākapiḥ |
prasannām iva kāntasya kāntām punar upasthitām

31. sa mahākapiḥ ca punar āvṛttatoyām dadarśa
kāntasya prasannām punar upasthitām kāntām iva

31. And that great monkey (Hanuman) saw the river, whose waters had become calm again, like a beloved woman, now appeased, having returned to her lover.

Words meanings summery:

• पुनर् (punar) - again, anew

• आवृत्ततोयाम् (āvṛttatoyām) - (the river) whose waters had become calm again (whose waters have returned/become calm)

• च (ca) - and, also

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

• स (sa) - he (Hanuman) (he, that)

• महाकपिः (mahākapiḥ) - the great monkey (Hanuman) (great monkey)

• प्रसन्नाम् (prasannām) - appeased (woman) (appeased, tranquil, clear, pleased)

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• कान्तस्य (kāntasya) - of her lover (of the beloved, of the lover, of the husband)

• कान्ताम् (kāntām) - beloved woman, wife

• पुनर् (punar) - again, anew

• उपस्थिताम् (upasthitām) - (the woman) having returned (returned, present, approached)

Words meanings and morphology

पुनर् (punar) - again, anew

(indeclinable)

आवृत्ततोयाम् (āvṛttatoyām) - (the river) whose waters had become calm again (whose waters have returned/become calm)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āvṛttatoyā

āvṛttatoyā - whose water has returned, having calm waters

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (āvṛtta+toya)

• āvṛtta – returned, reverted, turned back
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from √vṛt (to turn, to exist) with upasarga ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛt (class 1)
• toya – water
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw, beheld

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

स (sa) - he (Hanuman) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

महाकपिः (mahākapiḥ) - the great monkey (Hanuman) (great monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahākapi

mahākapi - great monkey, excellent monkey

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (mahā+kapi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)

प्रसन्नाम् (prasannām) - appeased (woman) (appeased, tranquil, clear, pleased)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prasannā

prasannā - appeased, tranquil, clear, pleased, graceful

Past Passive Participle

Formed from √sad (to sit, to settle) with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

कान्तस्य (kāntasya) - of her lover (of the beloved, of the lover, of the husband)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kānta

kānta - beloved, desired, lovely; a lover, a husband

कान्ताम् (kāntām) - beloved woman, wife

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kāntā

kāntā - beloved woman, wife, mistress

पुनर् (punar) - again, anew

(indeclinable)

उपस्थिताम् (upasthitām) - (the woman) having returned (returned, present, approached)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upasthitā

upasthitā - present, near, approached, returned, stood by

Past Passive Participle

Formed from √sthā (to stand) with upasarga upa-

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

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