वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-12, verse-24

फुल्लपद्मोत्पलवनाश्चक्रवाकोपकूजिताः ।
नत्यूहरुतसंघुष्टा हंससारसनादिताः ॥२४॥

24. phullapadmotpalavanāścakravākopakūjitāḥ ,
natyūharutasaṃghuṣṭā haṃsasārasanāditāḥ.

24. phullapadmotpalavanāḥ cakravākopakūjitāḥ
natyūharutasaṃghuṣṭāḥ haṃsasārasanāditāḥ

24. phullapadmotpalavanāḥ cakravākopakūjitāḥ
natyūharutasaṃghuṣṭāḥ haṃsasārasanāditāḥ

24. They had groves of blooming lotuses and water lilies, were cooed at by cakravāka birds, reverberated with the calls of nātūyha birds, and resounded with the cries of geese and cranes.

Words meanings summery:

• फुल्लपद्मोत्पलवनाः (phullapadmotpalavanāḥ) - describing the floral abundance around the pools (having groves of blooming lotuses and water lilies)

• चक्रवाकोपकूजिताः (cakravākopakūjitāḥ) - the pools are made melodious by these birds (cooed by cakravāka birds)

• नत्यूहरुतसंघुष्टाः (natyūharutasaṁghuṣṭāḥ) - the pools are made vibrant by these bird sounds (reverberating with the cries of nātūyha birds)

• हंससारसनादिताः (haṁsasārasanāditāḥ) - the pools are made vibrant by these bird sounds (resounding with the calls of geese and cranes)

Words meanings and morphology

फुल्लपद्मोत्पलवनाः (phullapadmotpalavanāḥ) - describing the floral abundance around the pools (having groves of blooming lotuses and water lilies)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of phullapadmotpalavana

phullapadmotpalavana - forest/grove of blooming lotuses and water-lilies

Compound: 'phulla' (blooming) + 'padma' (lotus) + 'utpala' (water-lily) + 'vana' (forest/grove).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (phulla+padma+utpala+vana)

• phulla – blooming, expanded, open
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'phull' (to bloom).
  Root: phull (class 1)
• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• utpala – water-lily (blue lotus)
  noun (neuter)
• vana – forest, grove, wood
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying `vāpīḥ` (implied).

चक्रवाकोपकूजिताः (cakravākopakūjitāḥ) - the pools are made melodious by these birds (cooed by cakravāka birds)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of cakravākopakūjita

cakravākopakūjita - made to resound with the cooing of cakravāka birds

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound: 'cakravāka' (brahminy duck) + 'upakūjita' (cooed by). 'Upakūjita' is from 'upa-' + root 'kūj' + 'kta' (pp.p).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (cakravāka+upakūjita)

• cakravāka – brahminy duck, ruddy shelduck
  noun (masculine)
• upakūjita – made to resound with cooing, echoed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kūj' (to coo) with upasarga 'upa-'.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: kūj (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle, acting adjectivally for 'vāpīḥ'.

नत्यूहरुतसंघुष्टाः (natyūharutasaṁghuṣṭāḥ) - the pools are made vibrant by these bird sounds (reverberating with the cries of nātūyha birds)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of natyūharutasaṃghuṣṭa

natyūharutasaṁghuṣṭa - resounding with the cries of nātūyha birds

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound: 'natyūha' (nātūyha bird) + 'ruta' (sound, cry) + 'saṃghuṣṭa' (resounding). 'Saṃghuṣṭa' is from 'sam-' + root 'ghuṣ' + 'kta'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (natyūha+ruta+saṃghuṣṭa)

• natyūha – a kind of water-bird, probably a moorhen or rail
  noun (masculine)
• ruta – sound, cry, noise (especially of birds or animals)
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ru' (to cry, make a sound).
  Root: ru (class 2)
• saṃghuṣṭa – resounded, echoed, filled with sound
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ghuṣ' (to sound) with upasarga 'sam-'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ghuṣ (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle, acting adjectivally for 'vāpīḥ'.

हंससारसनादिताः (haṁsasārasanāditāḥ) - the pools are made vibrant by these bird sounds (resounding with the calls of geese and cranes)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of haṃsasārasanādita

haṁsasārasanādita - resounding with the calls of geese and cranes

Past Passive Participle (compound)

Compound: 'haṃsa' (goose) + 'sārasa' (crane) + 'nādita' (resounded). 'Nādita' is from root 'nad' + 'kta'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (haṃsa+sārasa+nādita)

• haṃsa – goose, swan
  noun (masculine)
• sārasa – crane
  noun (masculine)
• nādita – resounded, made to sound, vibrated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (causative)
  From root 'nad' (to sound) in its causative form, then past passive participle 'kta'.
  Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle, acting adjectivally for 'vāpīḥ'.

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