वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-12, verse-28

शिलागृहैरवततं नानावृक्षैः समावृतम् ।
ददर्श कपिशार्दूलो रम्यं जगति पर्वतम् ॥२८॥

28. śilāgṛhairavatataṃ nānāvṛkṣaiḥ samāvṛtam ,
dadarśa kapiśārdūlo ramyaṃ jagati parvatam.

28. śilāgṛhaiḥ avatatam nānāvṛkṣaiḥ samāvṛtam
dadarśa kapiśārdūlaḥ ramyam jagati parvatam

28. kapiśārdūlaḥ jagati ramyam śilāgṛhaiḥ avatatam
nānāvṛkṣaiḥ samāvṛtam parvatam dadarśa

28. The tiger among monkeys (kapiśārdūla) then saw that beautiful mountain, unique in the world, which was covered with rock-caves and completely enveloped by various trees.

Words meanings summery:

• शिलागृहैः (śilāgṛhaiḥ) - by rock-houses, by caves

• अवततम् (avatatam) - covered, spread over

• नानावृक्षैः (nānāvṛkṣaiḥ) - by various trees

• समावृतम् (samāvṛtam) - completely covered, surrounded

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw

• कपिशार्दूलः (kapiśārdūlaḥ) - Hanumān, who is the foremost among monkeys (the tiger among monkeys, the foremost monkey)

• रम्यम् (ramyam) - beautiful, charming, delightful

• जगति (jagati) - in the world, on earth

• पर्वतम् (parvatam) - mountain

Words meanings and morphology

शिलागृहैः (śilāgṛhaiḥ) - by rock-houses, by caves

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śilāgṛha

śilāgṛha - rock-house, cave

Compound type : Tatpurusha (śilā+gṛha)

• śilā – rock, stone
  noun (feminine)
  from root śil (to collect, glean)
  Root: śil (class 1)
• gṛha – house, dwelling
  noun (neuter)
  from root gṛbh (to seize, take)
  Root: gṛbh (class 9)

अवततम् (avatatam) - covered, spread over

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of avatata

avatata - covered, spread over, overspread

Past Passive Participle

from root tan (to stretch) with upasarga ava

Prefix: ava

Root: tan (class 8)

नानावृक्षैः (nānāvṛkṣaiḥ) - by various trees

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nānāvṛkṣa

nānāvṛkṣa - various trees

Compound type : Tatpurusha (nānā+vṛkṣa)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• vṛkṣa – tree
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛkṣ (class 1)

समावृतम् (samāvṛtam) - completely covered, surrounded

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samāvṛta

samāvṛta - completely covered, surrounded, enveloped

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛ (to cover) with upasargas sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

ददर्श (dadarśa) - saw

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of dṛś

Perfect tense

Reduplicated perfect 3rd singular active form of root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कपिशार्दूलः (kapiśārdūlaḥ) - Hanumān, who is the foremost among monkeys (the tiger among monkeys, the foremost monkey)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapiśārdūla

kapiśārdūla - tiger among monkeys, foremost monkey

epithet for a prominent figure, often used for Hanumān

Compound type : Tatpurusha (kapi+śārdūla)

• kapi – monkey, ape
  noun (masculine)
  from root kamp (to tremble, shake)
  Root: kamp (class 1)
• śārdūla – tiger; a chief, pre-eminent, or distinguished person (used as an epithet)
  noun (masculine)

रम्यम् (ramyam) - beautiful, charming, delightful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ramya

ramya - beautiful, charming, delightful, pleasant

Gerundive

from root ram (to delight)

Root: ram (class 1)

जगति (jagati) - in the world, on earth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, earth

Present Active Participle

from root gam (to go) by reduplication (irregular formation)

Root: gam (class 1)

पर्वतम् (parvatam) - mountain

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

Derived from 'parvan' (knot, joint, section), implying a stepped or jointed appearance.