वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-12, verse-23

मुक्ताप्रवालसिकता स्फटिकान्तरकुट्टिमाः ।
काञ्चनैस्तरुभिश्चित्रैस्तीरजैरुपशोभिताः ॥२३॥

23. muktāpravālasikatā sphaṭikāntarakuṭṭimāḥ ,
kāñcanaistarubhiścitraistīrajairupaśobhitāḥ.

23. muktāpravālasikatāḥ sphatikāntarakuṭṭimāḥ
kāñcanaiḥ tarubhiḥ citraiḥ tīrajaiḥ upaśobhitāḥ

23. muktāpravālasikatāḥ sphatikāntarakuṭṭimāḥ
tīrajaiḥ citraiḥ kāñcanaiḥ tarubhiḥ upaśobhitāḥ

23. Their sand was made of pearls and corals, their inner pavements of crystal, and they were adorned by splendid golden trees growing on their banks.

Words meanings summery:

• मुक्ताप्रवालसिकताः (muktāpravālasikatāḥ) - describing the bed of the pools (having sand of pearls and corals)

• स्फतिकान्तरकुट्टिमाः (sphatikāntarakuṭṭimāḥ) - describing the construction of the inner part of the pools (having inner pavements of crystal)

• काञ्चनैः (kāñcanaiḥ) - with golden trees (with golden (ones))

• तरुभिः (tarubhiḥ) - by the trees adorning the pools (by trees)

• चित्रैः (citraiḥ) - describing the diverse and beautiful appearance of the trees (variegated, splendid, wonderful, painted)

• तीरजैः (tīrajaiḥ) - describing the trees' location relative to the pools (growing on the bank, born on the shore)

• उपशोभिताः (upaśobhitāḥ) - the pools were beautified (adorned, beautified, splendid)

Words meanings and morphology

मुक्ताप्रवालसिकताः (muktāpravālasikatāḥ) - describing the bed of the pools (having sand of pearls and corals)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of muktāpravālasikatā

muktāpravālasikatā - sand mixed with pearls and corals

Compound: 'muktā' (pearl) + 'pravāla' (coral) + 'sikatā' (sand).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muktā+pravāla+sikatā)

• muktā – pearl
  noun (feminine)
• pravāla – coral, new shoot
  noun (masculine)
• sikatā – sand, gravel
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adjective modifying `vāpīḥ` (implied from previous verse).

स्फतिकान्तरकुट्टिमाः (sphatikāntarakuṭṭimāḥ) - describing the construction of the inner part of the pools (having inner pavements of crystal)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sphatikāntarakuṭṭima

sphatikāntarakuṭṭima - having inner pavements of crystal

Compound: 'sphatika' (crystal) + 'antara' (inner) + 'kuṭṭima' (pavement).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sphatika+antara+kuṭṭima)

• sphatika – crystal, quartz
  noun (masculine)
• antara – interior, inner, inside
  adjective (neuter)
• kuṭṭima – pavement, mosaic floor
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying `vāpīḥ` (implied).

काञ्चनैः (kāñcanaiḥ) - with golden trees (with golden (ones))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold; gold

Derived from 'kāñcana' (gold).

Note: Adjective modifying `tarubhiḥ`.

तरुभिः (tarubhiḥ) - by the trees adorning the pools (by trees)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of taru

taru - tree

Note: Agent of `upaśobhitāḥ`.

चित्रैः (citraiḥ) - describing the diverse and beautiful appearance of the trees (variegated, splendid, wonderful, painted)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of citra

citra - variegated, diverse, splendid, wonderful, painted

Note: Adjective modifying `tarubhiḥ`.

तीरजैः (tīrajaiḥ) - describing the trees' location relative to the pools (growing on the bank, born on the shore)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tīraja

tīraja - born or growing on the bank or shore

Compound: 'tīra' (bank) + 'ja' (born from).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tīra+ja)

• tīra – bank, shore, margin
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying `tarubhiḥ`.

उपशोभिताः (upaśobhitāḥ) - the pools were beautified (adorned, beautified, splendid)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of upaśobhita

upaśobhita - adorned, beautified, splendid, decorated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root 'śubh' (to shine, be beautiful) with upasarga 'upa-' and 'kta' suffix (past passive participle).

Prefix: upa

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle, acting adjectivally for 'vāpīḥ'.