वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-12, verse-17

विहंगसंघैर्हीनास्ते स्कन्धमात्राश्रया द्रुमाः ।
बभूवुरगमाः सर्वे मारुतेनेव निर्धुताः ॥१७॥

17. vihaṃgasaṃghairhīnāste skandhamātrāśrayā drumāḥ ,
babhūvuragamāḥ sarve māruteneva nirdhutāḥ.

17. vihaṅgasaṅghaiḥ hīnāḥ te skandhamātrāśrayāḥ drumāḥ
babhūvuḥ agamāḥ sarve mārutena iva nirdhutāḥ

17. Those trees, deprived of their flocks of birds and left with only their main branches as support, all became desolate and unfrequented, as if completely shaken clean by the wind.

Words meanings summery:

• विहङ्गसङ्घैः (vihaṅgasaṅghaiḥ) - by flocks of birds

• हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - deprived, devoid of, lacking

• ते (te) - those

• स्कन्धमात्राश्रयाः (skandhamātrāśrayāḥ) - having only branches/trunks as support/refuge

• द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

• बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became

• अगमाः (agamāḥ) - inaccessible, unfrequented, desolate

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• मारुतेन (mārutena) - by the wind

• इव (iva) - as if, like

• निर्धुताः (nirdhutāḥ) - completely shaken off, scattered

Words meanings and morphology

विहङ्गसङ्घैः (vihaṅgasaṅghaiḥ) - by flocks of birds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vihaṅgasaṅgha

vihaṅgasaṅgha - a flock of birds

Compound type : tatpurusha (vihaṅga+saṅgha)

• vihaṅga – bird
  noun (masculine)
• saṅgha – flock, multitude, collection
  noun (masculine)

हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - deprived, devoid of, lacking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hīna

hīna - left, abandoned, deprived, deficient

Past Passive Participle

Root: hā (class 3)

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

स्कन्धमात्राश्रयाः (skandhamātrāśrayāḥ) - having only branches/trunks as support/refuge

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of skandhamātrāśraya

skandhamātrāśraya - relying only on the main stem/trunk/branches

Compound type : bahuvrihi (skandha+mātra+āśraya)

• skandha – trunk, stem, branch, shoulder
  noun (masculine)
• mātra – only, mere, solely
  indeclinable
• āśraya – support, refuge, resort
  noun (masculine)

द्रुमाः (drumāḥ) - trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree

बभूवुः (babhūvuḥ) - they became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

अगमाः (agamāḥ) - inaccessible, unfrequented, desolate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of agama

agama - not going, inaccessible, not to be approached, unfrequented

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+gama)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• gama – going, accessible
  adjective
  Root: gam (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

मारुतेन (mārutena) - by the wind

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of māruta

māruta - wind, breeze, god of wind

इव (iva) - as if, like

(indeclinable)

निर्धुताः (nirdhutāḥ) - completely shaken off, scattered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirdhuta

nirdhuta - shaken off, scattered, dispersed

Past Passive Participle

Prefix: nir

Root: dhū (class 5)