वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-12, verse-26

लताशतैरवतताः सन्तानकसमावृताः ।
नानागुल्मावृतवनाः करवीरकृतान्तराः ॥२६॥

26. latāśatairavatatāḥ santānakasamāvṛtāḥ ,
nānāgulmāvṛtavanāḥ karavīrakṛtāntarāḥ.

26. latāśataiḥ avatatāḥ santānakasamāvṛtāḥ
nānāgulmāvṛtavanāḥ karavīrakṛtāntarāḥ

26. latāśataiḥ avatatāḥ santānakasamāvṛtāḥ
nānāgulmāvṛtavanāḥ karavīrakṛtāntarāḥ

26. It was covered with hundreds of creepers and surrounded by `santānaka` (a celestial tree/creeper); its forests were enveloped by various bushes, and its inner spaces filled with `karavīra` (oleander) plants.

Words meanings summery:

• लताशतैः (latāśataiḥ) - by hundreds of creepers/vines

• अवतताः (avatatāḥ) - covered, spread over

• सन्तानकसमावृताः (santānakasamāvṛtāḥ) - surrounded by santānaka (trees/creepers)

• नानागुल्मावृतवनाः (nānāgulmāvṛtavanāḥ) - with forests covered by various bushes

• करवीरकृतान्तराः (karavīrakṛtāntarāḥ) - having karavīra (oleander) flowers/trees as their interiors

Words meanings and morphology

लताशतैः (latāśataiḥ) - by hundreds of creepers/vines

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of latāśata

latāśata - hundred of creepers/vines

Compound type : Tatpurusha (latā+śata)

• latā – creeper, vine
  noun (feminine)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

Note: śata can be both masculine or neuter for instrumental plural; usually neuter.

अवतताः (avatatāḥ) - covered, spread over

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of avatata

avatata - covered, spread over, overspread

Past Passive Participle

from root tan (to stretch) with upasarga ava

Prefix: ava

Root: tan (class 8)

सन्तानकसमावृताः (santānakasamāvṛtāḥ) - surrounded by santānaka (trees/creepers)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of santānakasamāvṛta

santānakasamāvṛta - surrounded by `santānaka` (a type of celestial tree/creeper)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (santānaka+samāvṛta)

• santānaka – a particular celestial tree or creeper (often considered a smaller 'santāna')
  noun (masculine)
  diminutive of santāna, from root tan (to stretch) with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tan (class 8)
• samāvṛta – surrounded, covered, enveloped
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vṛ (to cover) with upasargas sam and ā
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

नानागुल्मावृतवनाः (nānāgulmāvṛtavanāḥ) - with forests covered by various bushes

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nānāgulmāvṛtavana

nānāgulmāvṛtavana - whose forests are covered by various bushes

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (nānā+gulma+āvṛta+vana)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• gulma – bush, shrub, thicket
  noun (masculine)
  Root: gulg (class 1)
• āvṛta – covered, surrounded, enveloped
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vṛ (to cover) with upasarga ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
  Root: van (class 1)

करवीरकृतान्तराः (karavīrakṛtāntarāḥ) - having karavīra (oleander) flowers/trees as their interiors

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of karavīrakṛtāntara

karavīrakṛtāntara - whose interiors are made of `karavīra` (oleander)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (karavīra+kṛta+antara)

• karavīra – oleander (a plant/flower), a species of flowering shrub
  noun (masculine)
• kṛta – made, done, formed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• antara – interior, space, interval, within
  noun (neuter)

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