वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-12, verse-16

हनूमता वेगवता कम्पितास्ते नगोत्तमाः ।
पुष्पपर्णफलान्याशु मुमुचुः पुष्पशालिनः ॥१६॥

16. hanūmatā vegavatā kampitāste nagottamāḥ ,
puṣpaparṇaphalānyāśu mumucuḥ puṣpaśālinaḥ.

16. hanūmatā vegavatā kampitāḥ te nagottamāḥ
puṣpaparṇaphalāni āśu mumucuḥ puṣpaśālinaḥ

16. hanūmatā vegavatā kampitāḥ puṣpaśālinaḥ te
nagottamāḥ āśu puṣpaparṇaphalāni mumucuḥ

16. Those excellent, flower-bearing trees (nagottama), shaken by the swift (vegavat) Hanūmān, quickly shed their flowers, leaves, and fruits.

Words meanings summery:

• हनूमता (hanūmatā) - by Hanūmān

• वेगवता (vegavatā) - by the swift (vegavat) (by the swift one, by the powerful one)

• कम्पिताः (kampitāḥ) - shaken (shaken, trembled)

• ते (te) - those

• नगोत्तमाः (nagottamāḥ) - excellent trees (nagottama) (excellent trees, best of trees (lit. best of mountains))

• पुष्पपर्णफलानि (puṣpaparṇaphalāni) - flowers, leaves, and fruits

• आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• मुमुचुः (mumucuḥ) - shed (they released, shed, cast off)

• पुष्पशालिनः (puṣpaśālinaḥ) - flower-bearing (flower-bearing, adorned with flowers, rich in flowers)

Words meanings and morphology

हनूमता (hanūmatā) - by Hanūmān

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hanūmat

hanūmat - Hanūmān (name of a prominent monkey deity)

Note: Agent causing the shaking.

वेगवता (vegavatā) - by the swift (vegavat) (by the swift one, by the powerful one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vegavat

vegavat - swift, powerful, possessing speed/force

Possessive suffix -vat (from vega: speed, force).

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'hanūmatā'.

कम्पिताः (kampitāḥ) - shaken (shaken, trembled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kampita

kampita - shaken, trembled, vibrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kamp (to tremble, shake) with suffix -ita.

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nagottamāḥ'.

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with 'nagottamāḥ'.

नगोत्तमाः (nagottamāḥ) - excellent trees (nagottama) (excellent trees, best of trees (lit. best of mountains))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nagottama

nagottama - best of mountains (often used for large trees), excellent tree

Tatpurusha compound: naga (mountain/tree) + uttama (best).

Compound type : tatpurusha (naga+uttama)

• naga – mountain, tree (as 'not moving')
  noun (masculine)
  From na (not) + ga (moving).
  Prefix: na
  Root: gam (class 1)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective
  Superlative degree.

Note: Subject of 'mumucuḥ'.

पुष्पपर्णफलानि (puṣpaparṇaphalāni) - flowers, leaves, and fruits

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of puṣpaparṇaphala

puṣpaparṇaphala - flowers, leaves, and fruits (collectively)

Dvandva compound (samāhāradvandva): 'flower and leaf and fruit'.

Compound type : dvandva (puṣpa+parṇa+phala)

• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
• parṇa – leaf
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pṛ (class 3)
• phala – fruit, result
  noun (neuter)
  Root: phal (class 1)

Note: Accusative plural, object of 'mumucuḥ'.

आशु (āśu) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

Note: Modifies the verb 'mumucuḥ'.

मुमुचुः (mumucuḥ) - shed (they released, shed, cast off)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of muc

Perfect Active

Perfect Tense, 3rd person plural.

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Verb for 'nagottamāḥ'.

पुष्पशालिनः (puṣpaśālinaḥ) - flower-bearing (flower-bearing, adorned with flowers, rich in flowers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puṣpaśālin

puṣpaśālin - flower-bearing, rich in flowers, adorned with flowers

Compound of 'puṣpa' (flower) and 'śālin' (possessing, endowed with).

Compound type : tatpurusha (puṣpa+śālin)

• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
• śālin – possessing, endowed with, rich in, shining
  adjective
  From root śāl (to shine, to possess) with suffix -in.
  Root: śāl (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'nagottamāḥ'.

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