वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-27, verse-32

मत्ता गजेन्द्रा मुदिता गवेन्द्रा वनेषु विश्रान्ततरा मृगेन्द्राः ।
रम्या नगेन्द्रा निभृता नगेन्द्राः प्रक्रीडितो वारिधरैः सुरेन्द्रः ॥३२॥

32. mattā gajendrā muditā gavendrā vaneṣu viśrāntatarā mṛgendrāḥ ,
ramyā nagendrā nibhṛtā nagendrāḥ prakrīḍito vāridharaiḥ surendraḥ.

32. mattāḥ gajendrāḥ muditāḥ gavendrāḥ
vaneṣu viśrāntatarāḥ mṛgendrāḥ
ramyāḥ nagendrāḥ nibhṛtāḥ nagendrāḥ
prakrīḍitaḥ vāridharaiḥ surendraḥ

32. mattāḥ gajendrāḥ,
muditāḥ gavendrāḥ,
vaneṣu viśrāntatarāḥ mṛgendrāḥ,
ramyāḥ nagendrāḥ,
nibhṛtāḥ nagendrāḥ,
(ca); surendraḥ vāridharaiḥ prakrīḍitaḥ

32. Elephants are in rut, bulls are joyful, and lions (mṛgendrāḥ) are very much at rest in the forests. Mountains (nagendrāḥ) are charming, and (other) mountains are secluded. The king of the gods, Indra, is sporting with the rain-bearing clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• मत्ताः (mattāḥ) - elephants in rut (in rut, intoxicated, passionate)

• गजेन्द्राः (gajendrāḥ) - elephants (lordly elephants, excellent elephants)

• मुदिताः (muditāḥ) - joyful bulls (joyful, glad, delighted)

• गवेन्द्राः (gavendrāḥ) - bulls (chief bulls, excellent cattle)

• वनेषु (vaneṣu) - in the forests

• विश्रान्ततराः (viśrāntatarāḥ) - lions very much at rest (very much at rest, most rested)

• मृगेन्द्राः (mṛgendrāḥ) - lions (lions, chief of beasts)

• रम्याः (ramyāḥ) - charming mountains (charming, beautiful, delightful)

• नगेन्द्राः (nagendrāḥ) - mountains (chief mountains, excellent mountains)

• निभृताः (nibhṛtāḥ) - secluded mountains (secluded, quiet, modest)

• नगेन्द्राः (nagendrāḥ) - mountains (chief mountains, excellent mountains)

• प्रक्रीडितः (prakrīḍitaḥ) - Indra sporting with the clouds (playing merrily, sporting, delighted in play)

• वारिधरैः (vāridharaiḥ) - by the rain-bearing clouds (by the clouds, by rain-bearers)

• सुरेन्द्रः (surendraḥ) - Indra (king of gods, Indra)

Words meanings and morphology

मत्ताः (mattāḥ) - elephants in rut (in rut, intoxicated, passionate)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of matta

matta - intoxicated, in rut (of elephants), maddened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √mad (to be exhilarated, to be in rut)

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'gajendrāḥ'.

गजेन्द्राः (gajendrāḥ) - elephants (lordly elephants, excellent elephants)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gajendra

gajendra - lord of elephants, excellent elephant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaja+indra)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)

मुदिताः (muditāḥ) - joyful bulls (joyful, glad, delighted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mudita

mudita - delighted, glad, joyful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √mud (to rejoice)

Root: mud (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'gavendrāḥ'.

गवेन्द्राः (gavendrāḥ) - bulls (chief bulls, excellent cattle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gavendra

gavendra - chief of kine, bull

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+indra)

• go – cow, bull, cattle
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)

वनेषु (vaneṣu) - in the forests

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

विश्रान्ततराः (viśrāntatarāḥ) - lions very much at rest (very much at rest, most rested)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viśrāntatara

viśrāntatara - more or very much at rest

Comparative degree of viśrānta

• viśrānta – rested, tranquil
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √śram (to be weary, to rest) with prefix 'vi'
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śram (class 4)
• tara – more, rather
  suffix
  Comparative suffix.

Note: Modifies 'mṛgendrāḥ'.

मृगेन्द्राः (mṛgendrāḥ) - lions (lions, chief of beasts)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛgendra

mṛgendra - lion, chief of animals

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mṛga+indra)

• mṛga – deer, animal, beast
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)

रम्याः (ramyāḥ) - charming mountains (charming, beautiful, delightful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ramya

ramya - charming, beautiful, pleasant

Gerundive (karmaṇi kṛtya)

To be delighted in; hence delightful, charming. Derived from root √ram (to delight in).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'nagendrāḥ'.

नगेन्द्राः (nagendrāḥ) - mountains (chief mountains, excellent mountains)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nagendra

nagendra - chief of mountains, Himalaya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naga+indra)

• naga – mountain, tree
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)

निभृताः (nibhṛtāḥ) - secluded mountains (secluded, quiet, modest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nibhṛta

nibhṛta - secluded, modest, quiet, hidden

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √bhṛ (to bear, carry) with prefix 'ni'

Prefix: ni

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Modifies 'nagendrāḥ'.

नगेन्द्राः (nagendrāḥ) - mountains (chief mountains, excellent mountains)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nagendra

nagendra - chief of mountains, Himalaya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naga+indra)

• naga – mountain, tree
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)

Note: Repetition for emphasis or reference to different mountains.

प्रक्रीडितः (prakrīḍitaḥ) - Indra sporting with the clouds (playing merrily, sporting, delighted in play)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prakrīḍita

prakrīḍita - played, sported, delighted in play

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √krīḍ (to play) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: krīḍ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'surendraḥ'.

वारिधरैः (vāridharaiḥ) - by the rain-bearing clouds (by the clouds, by rain-bearers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vāridhara

vāridhara - cloud (bearer of water)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (vāri+dhara)

• vāri – water
  noun (neuter)
• dhara – bearing, holding, carrying
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/suffix
  From root √dhṛ (to bear, hold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Indicates agency or means of playing for Indra.

सुरेन्द्रः (surendraḥ) - Indra (king of gods, Indra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of surendra

surendra - king of gods, Indra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sura+indra)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, best, lord
  noun (masculine)