वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-27, verse-24

वहन्ति वर्षन्ति नदन्ति भान्ति ध्यायन्ति नृत्यन्ति समाश्वसन्ति ।
नद्यो घना मत्तगजा वनान्ताः प्रियाविनीहाः शिखिनः प्लवंगाः ॥२४॥

24. vahanti varṣanti nadanti bhānti dhyāyanti nṛtyanti samāśvasanti ,
nadyo ghanā mattagajā vanāntāḥ priyāvinīhāḥ śikhinaḥ plavaṃgāḥ.

24. vahanti varṣanti nadanti bhānti
dhyāyanti nṛtyanti samāśvasanti
nadyaḥ ghanāḥ mattagajāḥ vanāntāḥ
priyāvinīhāḥ śikhinaḥ plavaṅgāḥ

24. nadyaḥ vahanti ghanāḥ varṣanti
mattagajāḥ nadanti vanāntāḥ bhānti
priyāvinīhāḥ dhyāyanti śikhinaḥ
nṛtyanti plavaṅgāḥ samāśvasanti

24. Rivers flow, clouds rain, intoxicated elephants roar, forest edges glow, those longing for their beloveds ponder, peacocks dance, and monkeys find relief.

Words meanings summery:

• वहन्ति (vahanti) - they flow (referring to rivers) (they carry, they flow)

• वर्षन्ति (varṣanti) - they rain

• नदन्ति (nadanti) - they roar, they sound

• भान्ति (bhānti) - they shine, they appear beautiful

• ध्यायन्ति (dhyāyanti) - they ponder/yearn (for their beloveds) (they meditate, they ponder, they yearn)

• नृत्यन्ति (nṛtyanti) - they dance

• समाश्वसन्ति (samāśvasanti) - they find relief (from the heat/rain) (they are comforted, relieved, reassured)

• नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers

• घनाः (ghanāḥ) - clouds (clouds, dense ones)

• मत्तगजाः (mattagajāḥ) - intoxicated elephants, elephants in rut

• वनान्ताः (vanāntāḥ) - forest edges, borders of the forest

• प्रियाविनीहाः (priyāvinīhāḥ) - those whose actions are for their beloveds; those longing for their beloveds

• शिखिनः (śikhinaḥ) - peacocks

• प्लवङ्गाः (plavaṅgāḥ) - monkeys

Words meanings and morphology

वहन्ति (vahanti) - they flow (referring to rivers) (they carry, they flow)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vah

Root: vah (class 1)

वर्षन्ति (varṣanti) - they rain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vṛṣ

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

नदन्ति (nadanti) - they roar, they sound

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of nad

Root: nad (class 1)

भान्ति (bhānti) - they shine, they appear beautiful

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of bhā

Root: bhā (class 2)

ध्यायन्ति (dhyāyanti) - they ponder/yearn (for their beloveds) (they meditate, they ponder, they yearn)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of dhyā

Root: dhyā (class 1)

नृत्यन्ति (nṛtyanti) - they dance

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of nṛt

Root: nṛt (class 4)

समाश्वसन्ति (samāśvasanti) - they find relief (from the heat/rain) (they are comforted, relieved, reassured)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of samāśvas

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

नद्यः (nadyaḥ) - rivers

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nadī

nadī - river

घनाः (ghanāḥ) - clouds (clouds, dense ones)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ghana

ghana - cloud, dense, solid, compact

मत्तगजाः (mattagajāḥ) - intoxicated elephants, elephants in rut

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mattagaja

mattagaja - intoxicated elephant, elephant in rut

Compound type : tatpurusha (matta+gaja)

• matta – intoxicated, drunk, in rut, furious
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'mad' (to be drunk, rejoice)
  Root: mad (class 4)
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

वनान्ताः (vanāntāḥ) - forest edges, borders of the forest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vanānta

vanānta - forest edge, border of a forest

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+anta)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• anta – end, boundary, edge
  noun (masculine)

प्रियाविनीहाः (priyāvinīhāḥ) - those whose actions are for their beloveds; those longing for their beloveds

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of priyāvinīha

priyāvinīha - having actions/efforts for a beloved; those whose beloveds are not far

Compound type : bahuvrihi (priyā+avinīha)

• priyā – beloved woman, wife
  noun (feminine)
• avinīha – not gone away, staying, whose efforts are directed towards (something)
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'a' (negation) + 'vinīha' (gone away, effort; from vi-ni-īh)
  Prefixes: vi+ni
  Root: īh (class 1)

शिखिनः (śikhinaḥ) - peacocks

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śikhin

śikhin - peacock (literally 'having a crest'), crested

प्लवङ्गाः (plavaṅgāḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of plavaṅga

plavaṅga - monkey (literally 'moving by leaping')