वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-27, verse-15

रजः प्रशान्तं सहिमो ऽद्य वायुर्निदाघदोषप्रसराः प्रशान्ताः ।
स्थिता हि यात्रा वसुधाधिपानां प्रवासिनो यान्ति नराः स्वदेशान् ॥१५॥

15. rajaḥ praśāntaṃ sahimo'dya vāyurnidāghadoṣaprasarāḥ praśāntāḥ ,
sthitā hi yātrā vasudhādhipānāṃ pravāsino yānti narāḥ svadeśān.

15. rajaḥ praśāntam sahimaḥ adya vāyuḥ
nidāghadoṣaprasarāḥ praśāntāḥ
sthitā hi yātrā vasudhādhipānām
pravāsinaḥ yānti narāḥ svadeśān

15. adya vāyuḥ sahimaḥ rajaḥ praśāntam
nidāghadoṣaprasarāḥ praśāntāḥ
hi vasudhādhipānām yātrā sthitā
pravāsinaḥ narāḥ svadeśān yānti

15. The dust has settled, and the wind is now chilly. The widespread discomforts of the summer season have abated. Indeed, the expeditions of rulers have come to a halt, and travelers are returning to their own countries.

Words meanings summery:

• रजः (rajaḥ) - dust (dust, pollen, haze, impurity)

• प्रशान्तम् (praśāntam) - settled, subsided (calmed, tranquil, subsided, peaceful)

• सहिमः (sahimaḥ) - chilly (with frost/dew, chilly, cold)

• अद्य (adya) - now (today, now)

• वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind (wind, air, deity Vayu)

• निदाघदोषप्रसराः (nidāghadoṣaprasarāḥ) - widespread discomforts of the summer season (widespread afflictions of summer, prevalence of summer's faults)

• प्रशान्ताः (praśāntāḥ) - abated (calmed, tranquil, subsided, peaceful)

• स्थिता (sthitā) - ceased, come to a halt (stopped, stood, situated, steady)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

• यात्रा (yātrā) - expeditions (journey, expedition, procession, pilgrimage)

• वसुधाधिपानाम् (vasudhādhipānām) - of rulers (of rulers, of kings (lords of the earth))

• प्रवासिनः (pravāsinaḥ) - travelers (travelers, those living abroad, sojourners)

• यान्ति (yānti) - are returning (go) (they go, they move)

• नराः (narāḥ) - people (men, people)

• स्वदेशान् (svadeśān) - to their homelands (to their own countries/homelands)

Words meanings and morphology

रजः (rajaḥ) - dust (dust, pollen, haze, impurity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, pollen, impurity, passion, menses

Root: raj (class 1)

प्रशान्तम् (praśāntam) - settled, subsided (calmed, tranquil, subsided, peaceful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of praśānta

praśānta - calm, tranquil, subsided, peaceful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śam (to be calm) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'rajas'

सहिमः (sahimaḥ) - chilly (with frost/dew, chilly, cold)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahima

sahima - with frost, chilly, cold

Formed with sa- (with) + hima (frost/cold)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+hima)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• hima – frost, cold, snow
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'vāyuḥ'

अद्य (adya) - now (today, now)

(indeclinable)

वायुः (vāyuḥ) - wind (wind, air, deity Vayu)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu

vāyu - wind, air, deity Vayu

Root: vā (class 2)

निदाघदोषप्रसराः (nidāghadoṣaprasarāḥ) - widespread discomforts of the summer season (widespread afflictions of summer, prevalence of summer's faults)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nidāghadoṣaprasara

nidāghadoṣaprasara - prevalence of summer's flaws/afflictions

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nidāgha+doṣa+prasara)

• nidāgha – summer heat, dry heat
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: dah (class 1)
• doṣa – fault, defect, affliction, blemish
  noun (masculine)
  Root: duṣ (class 4)
• prasara – spread, prevalence, extension
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sṛ (class 1)

प्रशान्ताः (praśāntāḥ) - abated (calmed, tranquil, subsided, peaceful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praśānta

praśānta - calm, tranquil, subsided, peaceful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śam (to be calm) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'nidāghadoṣaprasarāḥ'

स्थिता (sthitā) - ceased, come to a halt (stopped, stood, situated, steady)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, situated, steady, stopped

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'yātrā'

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

यात्रा (yātrā) - expeditions (journey, expedition, procession, pilgrimage)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yātrā

yātrā - journey, expedition, procession, pilgrimage

Root: yā (class 2)

वसुधाधिपानाम् (vasudhādhipānām) - of rulers (of rulers, of kings (lords of the earth))

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vasudhādhipa

vasudhādhipa - ruler of the earth, king

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (vasudhā+adhipa)

• vasudhā – earth
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vas (class 1)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

प्रवासिनः (pravāsinaḥ) - travelers (travelers, those living abroad, sojourners)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pravāsin

pravāsin - traveler, sojourner, one living abroad

Agent Noun

Derived from root vas (to dwell) with prefix pra, and suffix -in.

Prefix: pra

Root: vas (class 1)

यान्ति (yānti) - are returning (go) (they go, they move)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

नराः (narāḥ) - people (men, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Root: nṛ

Note: Used as subject with 'pravāsinaḥ'

स्वदेशान् (svadeśān) - to their homelands (to their own countries/homelands)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of svadeśa

svadeśa - one's own country, homeland

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sva+deśa)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun
• deśa – country, region, place
  noun (masculine)
  Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'yānti'