वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-27, verse-23

जाता वनान्ताः शिखिसुप्रनृत्ता जाताः कदम्बाः सकदम्बशाखाः ।
जाता वृषा गोषु समानकामा जाता मही सस्यवनाभिरामा ॥२३॥

23. jātā vanāntāḥ śikhisupranṛttā jātāḥ kadambāḥ sakadambaśākhāḥ ,
jātā vṛṣā goṣu samānakāmā jātā mahī sasyavanābhirāmā.

23. jātā vanāntāḥ śikhisupranṛttāḥ jātāḥ kadambāḥ sakadambaśākhāḥ
jātā vṛṣāḥ goṣu samānakāmāḥ jātā mahī sasyavanābhirāmā

23. vanāntāḥ śikhisupranṛttāḥ jātāḥ kadambāḥ sakadambaśākhāḥ
jātāḥ vṛṣāḥ goṣu samānakāmāḥ jātāḥ mahī sasyavanābhirāmā jātā

23. The edges of the forests have become vibrant with the beautiful dancing of peacocks. Kadamba trees are now adorned with their branches. Bulls have become equally eager among the cows, and the earth has become delightful with its crops and forests.

Words meanings summery:

• जाता (jātā) - have become (become, born, arisen)

• वनान्ताः (vanāntāḥ) - forest edges, borders of the forest

• शिखिसुप्रनृत्ताः (śikhisupranṛttāḥ) - with beautiful dances of peacocks, where peacocks dance well

• जाताः (jātāḥ) - have become (become, born, arisen)

• कदम्बाः (kadambāḥ) - Kadamba trees

• सकदम्बशाखाः (sakadambaśākhāḥ) - adorned with their own branches (implying lushness) (with Kadamba branches, full of Kadamba branches)

• जाता (jātā) - have become (become, born, arisen)

• वृषाः (vṛṣāḥ) - bulls

• गोषु (goṣu) - among cows, in cows

• समानकामाः (samānakāmāḥ) - having equal desires, equally eager

• जाता (jātā) - has become (become, born, arisen)

• मही (mahī) - earth, ground

• सस्यवनाभिरामा (sasyavanābhirāmā) - charming with crops and forests

Words meanings and morphology

जाता (jātā) - have become (become, born, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened, become

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jan' (to be born, produce), kta suffix

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used as the predicate verb 'have become'

वनान्ताः (vanāntāḥ) - forest edges, borders of the forest

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vanānta

vanānta - forest edge, border of a forest

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+anta)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• anta – end, boundary, edge
  noun (masculine)

शिखिसुप्रनृत्ताः (śikhisupranṛttāḥ) - with beautiful dances of peacocks, where peacocks dance well

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śikhisupranṛtta

śikhisupranṛtta - beautifully danced by peacocks, where peacocks dance well

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śikhin+su+pra+nṛtta)

• śikhin – peacock
  noun (masculine)
• su – good, well, beautiful
  indeclinable
• pra – forth, forward, very
  indeclinable
• nṛtta – dance, danced
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'nṛt' (to dance)
  Root: nṛt (class 4)

जाताः (jātāḥ) - have become (become, born, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened, become

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jan' (to be born, produce), kta suffix

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used as the predicate verb 'have become'

कदम्बाः (kadambāḥ) - Kadamba trees

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kadamba

kadamba - a type of tree (Neolamarckia cadamba), a globular flower of this tree

सकदम्बशाखाः (sakadambaśākhāḥ) - adorned with their own branches (implying lushness) (with Kadamba branches, full of Kadamba branches)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sakadambaśākhā

sakadambaśākhā - having Kadamba branches

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+kadambaśākhā)

• sa – with, together with, possessing
  indeclinable
• kadambaśākhā – branch of a Kadamba tree
  noun (feminine)

जाता (jātā) - have become (become, born, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened, become

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jan' (to be born, produce), kta suffix

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used as the predicate verb 'have become'

वृषाः (vṛṣāḥ) - bulls

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛṣan

vṛṣan - bull, male, showerer, chief

गोषु (goṣu) - among cows, in cows

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, ray of light, earth

समानकामाः (samānakāmāḥ) - having equal desires, equally eager

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samānakāma

samānakāma - having the same desire, equally desirous

Compound type : bahuvrihi (samāna+kāma)

• samāna – equal, similar, same
  adjective (masculine)
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

जाता (jātā) - has become (become, born, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, arisen, happened, become

Past Passive Participle

From root 'jan' (to be born, produce), kta suffix

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used as the predicate verb 'has become'

मही (mahī) - earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahī

mahī - earth, ground, land, a cow

सस्यवनाभिरामा (sasyavanābhirāmā) - charming with crops and forests

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sasyavanābhirāmā

sasyavanābhirāma - charming due to crops and forests

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sasya+vana+abhirāma)

• sasya – grain, corn, crop
  noun (neuter)
• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• abhirāma – charming, beautiful, delightful
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'abhi-ram' (to delight)
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: ram (class 1)