वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-27, verse-25

प्रहर्षिताः केतकपुष्पगन्धमाघ्राय हृष्टा वननिर्झरेषु ।
प्रपात शब्दाकुलिता गजेन्द्राः सार्धं मयूरैः समदा नदन्ति ॥२५॥

25. praharṣitāḥ ketakapuṣpagandhamāghrāya hṛṣṭā vananirjhareṣu ,
prapāta śabdākulitā gajendrāḥ sārdhaṃ mayūraiḥ samadā nadanti.

25. praharṣitāḥ ketakapuṣpagandham
āghrāya hṛṣṭāḥ vananirjhareṣu
prapātaśabdākulitāḥ gajendrāḥ
sārdham mayūraiḥ samadāḥ nadanti

25. gajendrāḥ ketakapuṣpagandham
āghrāya vananirjhareṣu praharṣitāḥ
hṛṣṭāḥ prapātaśabdākulitāḥ (ca)
sārdham mayūraiḥ samadāḥ nadanti

25. The great elephants, highly delighted and joyful by smelling the fragrance of Ketaka flowers near the forest springs, and agitated by the sound of waterfalls, roar loudly along with the proud peacocks.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रहर्षिताः (praharṣitāḥ) - greatly delighted, extremely pleased

• केतकपुष्पगन्धम् (ketakapuṣpagandham) - the fragrance of Ketaka flowers

• आघ्राय (āghrāya) - having smelled, after smelling

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful, glad, happy

• वननिर्झरेषु (vananirjhareṣu) - near the forest springs/waterfalls (in the forest springs/waterfalls)

• प्रपातशब्दाकुलिताः (prapātaśabdākulitāḥ) - agitated by the sound of waterfalls

• गजेन्द्राः (gajendrāḥ) - chief elephants, great elephants

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

• मयूरैः (mayūraiḥ) - by peacocks, with peacocks

• समदाः (samadāḥ) - proud (in the sense of being in rut or displaying dominance) (with rut, proud, intoxicated)

• नदन्ति (nadanti) - they roar, they sound

Words meanings and morphology

प्रहर्षिताः (praharṣitāḥ) - greatly delighted, extremely pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praharṣita

praharṣita - delighted, glad, overjoyed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'hṛṣ' (to be delighted) with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

केतकपुष्पगन्धम् (ketakapuṣpagandham) - the fragrance of Ketaka flowers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ketakapuṣpagandha

ketakapuṣpagandha - fragrance of Ketaka flowers

Compound type : tatpurusha (ketaka+puṣpa+gandha)

• ketaka – Ketaka plant or its flower (Pandanus odorifer)
  noun (masculine)
• puṣpa – flower
  noun (neuter)
• gandha – smell, fragrance, scent
  noun (masculine)

आघ्राय (āghrāya) - having smelled, after smelling

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root 'ghrā' (to smell) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: ghrā (class 1)

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - joyful, glad, happy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - joyful, glad, happy, delighted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'hṛṣ' (to be delighted)

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

वननिर्झरेषु (vananirjhareṣu) - near the forest springs/waterfalls (in the forest springs/waterfalls)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of vananirjhara

vananirjhara - forest spring, forest waterfall

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+nirjhara)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• nirjhara – waterfall, cascade, spring
  noun (masculine)

प्रपातशब्दाकुलिताः (prapātaśabdākulitāḥ) - agitated by the sound of waterfalls

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prapātaśabdākulita

prapātaśabdākulita - disturbed or agitated by the noise of waterfalls

Compound type : tatpurusha (prapāta+śabda+ākulita)

• prapāta – waterfall, cascade, precipice
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
• śabda – sound, noise, word
  noun (masculine)
• ākulita – agitated, confused, filled with
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ākul' (to be agitated)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ākul (class 10)

गजेन्द्राः (gajendrāḥ) - chief elephants, great elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gajendra

gajendra - king of elephants, lordly elephant, great elephant

Compound type : tatpurusha (gaja+indra)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best (often as a suffix)
  noun (masculine)

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

मयूरैः (mayūraiḥ) - by peacocks, with peacocks

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mayūra

mayūra - peacock

समदाः (samadāḥ) - proud (in the sense of being in rut or displaying dominance) (with rut, proud, intoxicated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of samada

samada - with rut, intoxicated, proud, joyful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+mada)

• sa – with, together with, possessing
  indeclinable
• mada – intoxication, rut, pride, joy
  noun (masculine)

नदन्ति (nadanti) - they roar, they sound

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of nad

Root: nad (class 1)