वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-4, verse-38

एतच्छ्रुत्वा तु कौसल्या चिरकालाभिकाङ्क्षितम् ।
हर्षबाष्पकलं वाक्यमिदं राममभाषत ॥३८॥

38. etacchrutvā tu kausalyā cirakālābhikāṅkṣitam ,
harṣabāṣpakalaṃ vākyamidaṃ rāmamabhāṣata.

38. etat śrutvā tu kausalyā cirakālābhikāṅkṣitam
harṣabāṣpakalam vākyam idam rāmam abhāṣata

38. kausalyā tu etat cirakālābhikāṅkṣitam śrutvā
harṣabāṣpakalam idam vākyam rāmam abhāṣata

38. Having heard this long-desired news, Kausalyā, her speech choked with tears of joy, spoke these words to Rāma.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this news (of coronation) (this)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, and

• कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalyā, mother of Rāma (Kausalyā)

• चिरकालाभिकाङ्क्षितम् (cirakālābhikāṅkṣitam) - long-desired, wished for a long time

• हर्षबाष्पकलम् (harṣabāṣpakalam) - choked with tears of joy, indistinct with tears of joy

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, words, sentence

• इदम् (idam) - this

• रामम् (rāmam) - to Rāma, the son of Daśaratha (to Rāma)

• अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this news (of coronation) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root śru (class 5) with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: An indeclinable participle indicating a preceding action.

तु (tu) - indeed, but, and

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunctive particle.

कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalyā, mother of Rāma (Kausalyā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kausalyā (mother of Rāma)

Feminine derivative of Kosala

Note: Subject of the verb 'abhāṣata'.

चिरकालाभिकाङ्क्षितम् (cirakālābhikāṅkṣitam) - long-desired, wished for a long time

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of cirakālābhikāṅkṣita

cirakālābhikāṅkṣita - long-desired, wished for a long time

Compound of cira-kāla (long time) and abhikāṅkṣita (desired)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (cirakāla+abhikāṅkṣita)

• cirakāla – long time
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of cira (long) and kāla (time)
• abhikāṅkṣita – desired, wished for
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kāṅkṣ (to desire) with prefix abhi
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'etat'.

हर्षबाष्पकलम् (harṣabāṣpakalam) - choked with tears of joy, indistinct with tears of joy

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of harṣabāṣpakala

harṣabāṣpakala - indistinct through tears of joy, choked by joyful tears

Compound of harṣa (joy), bāṣpa (tears), and kala (indistinct, choked)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (harṣa+bāṣpa+kala)

• harṣa – joy, delight
  noun (masculine)
  From root hṛṣ (to rejoice)
  Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
• bāṣpa – tears
  noun (masculine)
• kala – indistinct, choked (sound), soft, low
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - speech, words, sentence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence

From root vac (to speak) with suffix -ya

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Direct object of 'abhāṣata'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Qualifies 'vākyam'.

रामम् (rāmam) - to Rāma, the son of Daśaratha (to Rāma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a prince and avatar)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Indirect object of the verb 'abhāṣata'.

अभाषत (abhāṣata) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Imperfect (past tense)

Root bhāṣ (class 1), imperfect 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada)

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)