वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-4, verse-23

तस्मात्त्वयाद्य व्रतिना निशेयं नियतात्मना ।
सह वध्वोपवस्तव्या दर्भप्रस्तरशायिना ॥२३॥

23. tasmāttvayādya vratinā niśeyaṃ niyatātmanā ,
saha vadhvopavastavyā darbhaprastaraśāyinā.

23. tasmāt tvayā adya vratinā niśā iyam niyatātmanā
saha vadhvā upavastavyā darbhaprastaraśāyinā

23. tasmāt adya iyam niśā tvayā vratinā niyatātmanā
darbhaprastaraśāyinā vadhvā saha upavastavyā

23. Therefore, tonight you, as one observing a vow, with a controlled self (ātman), must spend this night together with your wife, lying upon a bed of darbha grass.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• व्रतिना (vratinā) - by the one observing a vow, by the votary

• निशा (niśā) - night

• इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

• नियतात्मना (niyatātmanā) - by the one with a controlled self (ātman), self-controlled

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• वध्वा (vadhvā) - with the wife, by the wife

• उपवस्तव्या (upavastavyā) - this night is to be spent (to be spent, to be passed, to be dwelt (feminine))

• दर्भप्रस्तरशायिना (darbhaprastaraśāyinā) - by the one lying on a bed of darbha grass

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

व्रतिना (vratinā) - by the one observing a vow, by the votary

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vratin

vratin - one who observes a vow, a votary, an ascetic

निशा (niśā) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

इयम् (iyam) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

नियतात्मना (niyatātmanā) - by the one with a controlled self (ātman), self-controlled

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of niyatātman

niyatātman - self-controlled, one who has subdued their self (ātman)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niyata+ātman)

• niyata – restrained, regulated, fixed, certain
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yam- with prefix ni-.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

वध्वा (vadhvā) - with the wife, by the wife

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vadhū

vadhū - wife, bride, young woman

उपवस्तव्या (upavastavyā) - this night is to be spent (to be spent, to be passed, to be dwelt (feminine))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of upavastavya

upavastavya - to be dwelt, to be passed (referring to a period of time)

Gerundive

From root vas- (to dwell/stay) with prefix upa-. Implies obligation or fitness.

Prefix: upa

Root: vas (class 1)

दर्भप्रस्तरशायिना (darbhaprastaraśāyinā) - by the one lying on a bed of darbha grass

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of darbhaprastaraśāyin

darbhaprastaraśāyin - one who lies on a mat of darbha grass

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (darbha+prastara+śāyin)

• darbha – sacred grass, darbha grass
  noun (masculine)
• prastara – bed, mat, layer, couch
  noun (masculine)
• śāyin – one who lies, rests, sleeps
  adjective (masculine)
  Agentive suffix -in
  Derived from root śī- (to lie, sleep).
  Root: śī (class 2)