मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-1, verse-46
स पुंस्कोकिलमाधुर्या यत्रास्ते स महामुनिः ।
क्रोशमात्रं स्थिता तस्मादगायत वराप्सराः ॥४६॥
क्रोशमात्रं स्थिता तस्मादगायत वराप्सराः ॥४६॥
46. sa puṃskokilamādhuryā yatrāste sa mahāmuniḥ .
krośamātraṃ sthitā tasmādagāyata varāpsarāḥ.
krośamātraṃ sthitā tasmādagāyata varāpsarāḥ.
46.
sa puṃskokilamādhuryā yatra āste sa mahāmuniḥ
krośamātram sthitā tasmāt agāyata varāpsarāḥ
krośamātram sthitā tasmāt agāyata varāpsarāḥ
46.
Where that great sage (mahāmuni) resided, a celestial nymph (varāpsarā), standing at a distance of only one krośa from him, sang with the sweetness of a male cuckoo.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स (sa) - that (he, that)
- पुंस्कोकिलमाधुर्या (puṁskokilamādhuryā) - with the sweetness of a male cuckoo (having the sweetness of a male cuckoo)
- यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)
- आस्ते (āste) - resided (is, sits, stays, resides)
- स (sa) - that (that, he)
- महामुनिः (mahāmuniḥ) - great sage (mahāmuni) (great sage, great ascetic)
- क्रोशमात्रम् (krośamātram) - a distance of only one krośa (a distance of a krośa, only a krośa)
- स्थिता (sthitā) - standing (standing, situated, remaining)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from him (the sage) (from that, from him, therefore)
- अगायत (agāyata) - sang (sang, chanted)
- वराप्सराः (varāpsarāḥ) - a celestial nymph (varāpsarā) (a chief apsaras, an excellent celestial nymph)
Words meanings and morphology
स (sa) - that (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the sage in the previous verse.
पुंस्कोकिलमाधुर्या (puṁskokilamādhuryā) - with the sweetness of a male cuckoo (having the sweetness of a male cuckoo)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of puṃskokilamādhurya
puṁskokilamādhurya - having the sweetness of a male cuckoo
Compound type : bahuvrihi (pumskokila+mādhurya)
- pumskokila – male cuckoo
noun (masculine) - mādhurya – sweetness, charm, loveliness
noun (neuter)
Derived from `madhura` (sweet) + suffix `ya`
Note: Qualifies `varāpsarāḥ`.
यत्र (yatra) - where (where, in which place)
(indeclinable)
From pronoun `yad` + suffix `tra`
आस्ते (āste) - resided (is, sits, stays, resides)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of ā-√ās
present middle
3rd person singular, present middle (ātmanepada)
Prefix: ā
Root: ās (class 2)
स (sa) - that (that, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the great sage.
महामुनिः (mahāmuniḥ) - great sage (mahāmuni) (great sage, great ascetic)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni
mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective
stem form of `mahat` - muni – sage, ascetic, holy man
noun (masculine)
From root √man (to think)
Root: man
क्रोशमात्रम् (krośamātram) - a distance of only one krośa (a distance of a krośa, only a krośa)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of krośamātra
krośamātra - a measure of a krośa, only a krośa
Compound type : tatpurusha (krośa+mātra)
- krośa – a measure of distance, cry, shout
noun (masculine)
Root: kruś (class 1) - mātra – measure, quantity, mere, only
noun (neuter)
Root: mā
Note: Used adverbially to denote extent.
स्थिता (sthitā) - standing (standing, situated, remaining)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of sthita
sthita - stood, placed, situated, firm
Past Passive Participle
From root √sthā (to stand) + suffix `kta`
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Functions adjectivally to describe `varāpsarāḥ`.
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - from him (the sage) (from that, from him, therefore)
(pronoun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the `mahāmuniḥ`.
अगायत (agāyata) - sang (sang, chanted)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (luṅ) of √gai
imperfect middle
3rd person singular, imperfect middle (ātmanepada)
Root: gai (class 1)
Note: Derived from root `gai` (to sing).
वराप्सराः (varāpsarāḥ) - a celestial nymph (varāpsarā) (a chief apsaras, an excellent celestial nymph)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of varāpsaras
varāpsaras - a chief apsaras, an excellent celestial nymph
Compound type : karmadhāraya (vara+apsaras)
- vara – excellent, best, boon
adjective
Root: vṛ (class 9) - apsaras – celestial nymph
noun (feminine)