मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-1, verse-24
जैमिनिरुवाच ।
अत्यद्भुतमिदं ब्रह्मन् खगवागिव मानुषी ।
यत् पक्षिणस्ते विज्ञानमापुरत्यन्तदुर्लभम् ॥२४॥
अत्यद्भुतमिदं ब्रह्मन् खगवागिव मानुषी ।
यत् पक्षिणस्ते विज्ञानमापुरत्यन्तदुर्लभम् ॥२४॥
24. jaiminiruvāca .
atyadbhutamidaṃ brahman khagavāgiva mānuṣī .
yat pakṣiṇaste vijñānamāpuratyantadurlabham.
atyadbhutamidaṃ brahman khagavāgiva mānuṣī .
yat pakṣiṇaste vijñānamāpuratyantadurlabham.
24.
jaiminiḥ uvāca atyadbhutam idam brahman khagavāk iva
mānuṣī yat pakṣiṇaḥ te vijñānam āpuḥ atyantadurlabham
mānuṣī yat pakṣiṇaḥ te vijñānam āpuḥ atyantadurlabham
24.
Jaimini said: 'O brahmin, this is extremely astonishing—like human speech coming from birds—that these birds of yours have acquired such exceedingly rare knowledge.'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- जैमिनिः (jaiminiḥ) - Jaimini
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- अत्यद्भुतम् (atyadbhutam) - extremely wonderful, very amazing
- इदम् (idam) - this
- ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Addressing Mārkaṇḍeya (O brahmin)
- खगवाक् (khagavāk) - bird speech, the speech of birds
- इव (iva) - like, as, as if
- मानुषी (mānuṣī) - human (speech)
- यत् (yat) - that (conjunction), because, in that
- पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds
- ते (te) - Of Mārkaṇḍeya (your, of yours)
- विज्ञानम् (vijñānam) - knowledge, understanding
- आपुः (āpuḥ) - attained, acquired, reached
- अत्यन्तदुर्लभम् (atyantadurlabham) - extremely rare, very difficult to obtain
Words meanings and morphology
जैमिनिः (jaiminiḥ) - Jaimini
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of jaimini
jaimini - Jaimini (name of a celebrated sage, founder of the Mīmāṃsā school of Hindu philosophy)
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice
Irregular perfect form of root 'vac'
Root: vac (class 2)
अत्यद्भुतम् (atyadbhutam) - extremely wonderful, very amazing
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of atyadbhuta
atyadbhuta - exceedingly wonderful, very amazing
Compound of 'ati' (very, extremely) and 'adbhuta' (wonderful)
Compound type : prādi-tatpuruṣa (ati+adbhuta)
- ati – very, exceedingly, over
indeclinable
prefix, intensifier - adbhuta – wonderful, marvelous, astonishing
adjective (neuter)
Note: Functions as a predicate adjective with 'idam'.
इदम् (idam) - this
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this (demonstrative pronoun)
ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Addressing Mārkaṇḍeya (O brahmin)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman
brahman - brahmin (a member of the priestly class); (neuter) the ultimate reality (brahman)
Root: bṛh (class 1)
खगवाक् (khagavāk) - bird speech, the speech of birds
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of khagavāc
khagavāc - speech of birds
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (khaga+vāc)
- khaga – bird (literally 'sky-goer')
noun (masculine)
Compound: kha (sky) + ga (goer)
Root: gam (class 1) - vāc – speech, voice, word
noun (feminine)
Root: vac (class 2)
इव (iva) - like, as, as if
(indeclinable)
मानुषी (mānuṣī) - human (speech)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of mānuṣī
mānuṣī - human, human (feminine adjective from manuṣya)
Feminine form of 'mānuṣa', derived from 'manuṣya' (human being)
यत् (yat) - that (conjunction), because, in that
(indeclinable)
Used here as a conjunction introducing a clause of reason or consequence.
पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣin
pakṣin - bird, winged creature
From 'pakṣa' (wing) + suffix 'in'
ते (te) - Of Mārkaṇḍeya (your, of yours)
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (2nd person pronoun)
Enclitic form of 'yuṣmad'
विज्ञानम् (vijñānam) - knowledge, understanding
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vijñāna
vijñāna - knowledge, understanding, science, discernment
From prefix 'vi-' + root 'jñā' (to know)
Prefix: vi
Root: jñā (class 9)
Note: Object of 'āpuḥ'.
आपुः (āpuḥ) - attained, acquired, reached
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of āp
Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice
From root 'āp' (to obtain)
Root: āp (class 5)
अत्यन्तदुर्लभम् (atyantadurlabham) - extremely rare, very difficult to obtain
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of atyantadurlabha
atyantadurlabha - exceedingly difficult to obtain, extremely rare
Compound of 'atyanta' (exceedingly) and 'durlabha' (difficult to obtain)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (atyanta+durlabha)
- atyanta – excessive, very much, extremely
adjective
Compound of ati + anta - durlabha – difficult to obtain, rare
adjective
Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
From root 'labh' with prefix 'dur' and suffix '-a'
Prefix: dur
Root: labh (class 1)