मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-1, verse-30
तं दृष्ट्वा बलवृत्रघ्नमुत्थितं त्रिदशाङ्गनाः ।
प्रणेमुस्ताश्च देवर्षि विनयावनताः स्थिताः ॥३०॥
प्रणेमुस्ताश्च देवर्षि विनयावनताः स्थिताः ॥३०॥
30. taṃ dṛṣṭvā balavṛtraghnamutthitaṃ tridaśāṅganāḥ .
praṇemustāśca devarṣi vinayāvanatāḥ sthitāḥ.
praṇemustāśca devarṣi vinayāvanatāḥ sthitāḥ.
30.
tam dṛṣṭvā balavṛtraghnam utthitam tridaśāṅganāḥ
| praṇemuḥ tāḥ ca devarṣim vinayāvanatāḥ sthitāḥ
| praṇemuḥ tāḥ ca devarṣim vinayāvanatāḥ sthitāḥ
30.
When the celestial damsels saw Indra, the slayer of Bala and Vṛtra, stand up, they bowed to him. Then, standing humbly, they also bowed to the divine sage (devarṣi).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तम् (tam) - him (Indra) (him, that)
- दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen
- बलवृत्रघ्नम् (balavṛtraghnam) - Indra, the killer of Bala and Vṛtra (the killer of Bala and Vṛtra)
- उत्थितम् (utthitam) - who stood up (referring to Indra) (stood up, risen)
- त्रिदशाङ्गनाः (tridaśāṅganāḥ) - apsarases (celestial damsels, women of the gods)
- प्रणेमुः (praṇemuḥ) - they (the apsarases) bowed down (they bowed down, saluted)
- ताः (tāḥ) - they (the apsarases) (they (feminine))
- च (ca) - and
- देवर्षिम् (devarṣim) - to the divine sage (Nārada) (divine sage)
- विनयावनताः (vinayāvanatāḥ) - humbled with modesty (referring to the apsarases) (bowed down with humility, humbled by modesty)
- स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - standing (referring to the apsarases) (stood, situated)
Words meanings and morphology
तम् (tam) - him (Indra) (him, that)
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Formed from root dṛś with suffix -tvā
Root: dṛś (class 1)
बलवृत्रघ्नम् (balavṛtraghnam) - Indra, the killer of Bala and Vṛtra (the killer of Bala and Vṛtra)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of balavṛtraghna
balavṛtraghna - killer of Bala and Vṛtra
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bala+vṛtra+ghna)
- bala – strength, a demon named Bala
noun (masculine) - vṛtra – enveloper, a demon named Vṛtra
noun (masculine) - ghna – killer, destroyer
adjective (masculine)
From root han (to kill) with suffix -a
Root: han (class 2)
उत्थितम् (utthitam) - who stood up (referring to Indra) (stood up, risen)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of utthita
utthita - stood up, risen, awakened
Past Passive Participle
From root sthā with upasarga ut
Prefix: ut
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Accusative singular masculine, qualifying `balavṛtraghnam`.
त्रिदशाङ्गनाः (tridaśāṅganāḥ) - apsarases (celestial damsels, women of the gods)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of tridaśāṅganā
tridaśāṅganā - celestial damsel, apsaras
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tridaśa+aṅganā)
- tridaśa – god, deity (lit. 'three times ten')
noun (masculine) - aṅganā – woman, damsel
noun (feminine)
Note: The subject of the action `praṇemuḥ`.
प्रणेमुः (praṇemuḥ) - they (the apsarases) bowed down (they bowed down, saluted)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of nam
Past Tense
Root nam with upasarga pra, in perfect tense (Liṭ) 3rd person plural.
Prefix: pra
Root: nam (class 1)
Note: From pra-nam.
ताः (tāḥ) - they (the apsarases) (they (feminine))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, plural of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to `tridaśāṅganāḥ`.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
देवर्षिम् (devarṣim) - to the divine sage (Nārada) (divine sage)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of devarṣi
devarṣi - divine sage, a sage who is a god
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+ṛṣi)
- deva – god, deity
noun (masculine) - ṛṣi – seer, sage, inspired poet
noun (masculine)
Note: Object of `praṇemuḥ` (implied, by context of `vinayāvanatāḥ sthitāḥ`).
विनयावनताः (vinayāvanatāḥ) - humbled with modesty (referring to the apsarases) (bowed down with humility, humbled by modesty)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of vinayāvanata
vinayāvanata - bowed down with modesty/humility
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vinaya+avanata)
- vinaya – modesty, humility, discipline
noun (masculine) - avanata – bowed, bent down
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root nam with upasarga ava
Prefix: ava
Root: nam (class 1)
Note: Adjective qualifying `tāḥ` (the apsarases).
स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - standing (referring to the apsarases) (stood, situated)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, plural of sthita
sthita - stood, standing, situated, being
Past Passive Participle
From root sthā
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Adjective qualifying `tāḥ` (the apsarases). Together `vinayāvanatāḥ sthitāḥ` means 'stood humbly'.