मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-1, verse-40
तपस्यन्तं नगेन्द्रस्थं या वः क्षोभयते बलात् ।
दुर्वाससं मुनिश्रेष्ठं तां वो मन्ये गुणाधिकाम् ॥४०॥
दुर्वाससं मुनिश्रेष्ठं तां वो मन्ये गुणाधिकाम् ॥४०॥
40. tapasyantaṃ nagendrasthaṃ yā vaḥ kṣobhayate balāt .
durvāsasaṃ muniśreṣṭhaṃ tāṃ vo manye guṇādhikām.
durvāsasaṃ muniśreṣṭhaṃ tāṃ vo manye guṇādhikām.
40.
tapasyantam nagendrastham yā vaḥ kṣobhayate balāt
durvāsasam muniśreṣṭham tām vaḥ manye guṇādhikām
durvāsasam muniśreṣṭham tām vaḥ manye guṇādhikām
40.
She who can forcibly agitate Durvāsas, the foremost among sages (muni), while he is performing austerities (tapas) on the king of mountains—I consider her superior to you in qualities.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तपस्यन्तम् (tapasyantam) - performing austerities, practicing penance
- नगेन्द्रस्थम् (nagendrastham) - dwelling on the best of mountains, situated on a great mountain
- या (yā) - who, she who
- वः (vaḥ) - to you (the apsarases) (you (plural), your)
- क्षोभयते (kṣobhayate) - agitates, disturbs
- बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly
- दुर्वाससम् (durvāsasam) - Durvāsas
- मुनिश्रेष्ठम् (muniśreṣṭham) - best of sages, foremost sage
- ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine singular)
- वः (vaḥ) - to you (the apsarases) (you (plural), your)
- मन्ये (manye) - I think, I consider, I believe
- गुणाधिकाम् (guṇādhikām) - superior in qualities, more accomplished, more virtuous
Words meanings and morphology
तपस्यन्तम् (tapasyantam) - performing austerities, practicing penance
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tapasyat
tapasyat - performing penance, austere
Present Active Participle
Derived from the denominative verb 'tapasyati' (to perform austerities), which is from the noun 'tapas'.
Root: tapas
Note: Qualifies 'Durvāsasam' and 'muniśreṣṭham'.
नगेन्द्रस्थम् (nagendrastham) - dwelling on the best of mountains, situated on a great mountain
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of nagendrastha
nagendrastha - dwelling on a mountain king
Compound.
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (nagendra+stha)
- nagendra – king of mountains, best mountain
noun (masculine)
Compound ('naga' + 'indra'). - stha – standing, staying, located
adjective (masculine)
From root 'sthā' (to stand).
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'Durvāsasam' and 'muniśreṣṭham'.
या (yā) - who, she who
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of yad
yad - which, who, what
Note: Refers to the female being capable of disturbing Durvāsas.
वः (vaḥ) - to you (the apsarases) (you (plural), your)
(pronoun)
Dative, plural of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Note: Dative plural, referring to the group being addressed (apsarases). Implies comparison: 'superior to you'.
क्षोभयते (kṣobhayate) - agitates, disturbs
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of kṣubh
Causative
Causative stem 'kṣobhay' from root 'kṣubh'.
Root: kṣubh (class 1)
Note: From causative root 'kṣobhay-'.
बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly
(indeclinable)
The suffix -t (तसिल्) indicates ablative.
Note: Adverbial use of ablative case.
दुर्वाससम् (durvāsasam) - Durvāsas
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of Durvāsas
Durvāsas - Name of a powerful and often short-tempered sage.
Note: Object of 'kṣobhayate'.
मुनिश्रेष्ठम् (muniśreṣṭham) - best of sages, foremost sage
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of muniśreṣṭha
muniśreṣṭha - best among ascetics/sages
Compound.
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (muni+śreṣṭha)
- muni – sage, ascetic, recluse
noun (masculine)
Root: man (class 4) - śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, supreme
adjective (masculine)
Superlative of 'praśasya' (praiseworthy).
Note: Qualifies 'Durvāsasam'.
ताम् (tām) - her, that (feminine singular)
(pronoun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, it
Note: Refers back to 'yā', object of 'manye'.
वः (vaḥ) - to you (the apsarases) (you (plural), your)
(pronoun)
Dative, plural of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Note: Dative plural, referring to the group being addressed (apsarases), for comparison.
मन्ये (manye) - I think, I consider, I believe
(verb)
1st person , singular, middle, present (lat) of man
Root: man (class 4)
Note: First person singular, present indicative, middle voice.
गुणाधिकाम् (guṇādhikām) - superior in qualities, more accomplished, more virtuous
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of guṇādhika
guṇādhika - superior in merits/qualities
Compound.
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (guṇa+adhika)
- guṇa – quality, virtue, merit, attribute
noun (masculine) - adhika – more, additional, excessive, superior
adjective (masculine)
From 'adhi' + 'ka' (suffix).
Prefix: adhi
Note: Qualifies 'tām', the object of 'manye'.