महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-7, verse-31

गौतमं भीमसेनो वै सोमकाश्च महारथाः ।
अभ्यद्रवन्त राजेन्द्र जिघांसन्तः परान्युधि ॥३१॥

31. gautamaṁ bhīmaseno vai somakāśca mahārathāḥ ,
abhyadravanta rājendra jighāṁsantaḥ parānyudhi.

31. gautamam bhīmasenaḥ vai somakāḥ ca mahārathāḥ
abhyadravanta rājendra jighāṃsantaḥ parān yudhi

31. rājendra vai bhīmasenaḥ ca mahārathāḥ somakāḥ
jighāṃsantaḥ parān yudhi gautamam abhyadravanta

31. Bhīmasena and the great Somaka warriors, O best of kings, rushed towards Gautama in battle, intent on killing their enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• गौतमम् (gautamam) - Gautama (Droṇa's son, Aśvatthāmā, or Kṛpācārya, who is also a Gautama) (Gautama (name))

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (name))

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphasizing the action) (indeed, certainly, verily)

• सोमकाः (somakāḥ) - the Somaka warriors (the Somakas (name of a tribe/people))

• च (ca) - and

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors

• अभ्यद्रवन्त (abhyadravanta) - they rushed towards (they attacked, they ran towards)

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings (O king of kings, O best of kings)

• जिघांसन्तः (jighāṁsantaḥ) - intent on killing (desiring to kill, intending to slay (plural))

• परान् (parān) - their enemies (enemies, others, opponents)

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

Words meanings and morphology

गौतमम् (gautamam) - Gautama (Droṇa's son, Aśvatthāmā, or Kṛpācārya, who is also a Gautama) (Gautama (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gautama

gautama - descendant of Gotama, Gautama (name, e.g., Droṇa's son Aśvatthāmā, or Kṛpācārya)

Patronymic from Gotama.

Note: Object of abhyadravanta.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - having a terrible army, Bhīmasena (name of the second Pāṇḍava)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, dreadful, formidable
  adjective
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject.

वै (vai) - indeed (emphasizing the action) (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

सोमकाः (somakāḥ) - the Somaka warriors (the Somakas (name of a tribe/people))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of somaka

somaka - name of a people or tribe, the Somakas (allies of the Pāṇḍavas)

Note: Co-subject with Bhīmasena.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - one possessing a great chariot; a great warrior or hero

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  From 'mahat' stem, used as prefix.
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

अभ्यद्रवन्त (abhyadravanta) - they rushed towards (they attacked, they ran towards)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (luṅ) of abhi-dru

Imperfect Active

From root dru (to run) with prefix abhi (towards, upon). Augment a- and imperfect ending.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O best of kings (O king of kings, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, best of kings, king of kings

Compound of rājan (king) + indra (chief, lord).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, king (Vedic deity)
  noun (masculine)

जिघांसन्तः (jighāṁsantaḥ) - intent on killing (desiring to kill, intending to slay (plural))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jighāṃsat

jighāṁsat - desiring to kill, wishing to slay

Desiderative Present Active Participle

From desiderative stem of root han (to strike, kill) + śatṛ suffix.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Participle functioning as an adjective.

परान् (parān) - their enemies (enemies, others, opponents)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, foreign, enemy, supreme

Note: Object of the desire to kill.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Feminine noun.

Root: yudh (class 4)