महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-7, verse-2

राज्ञस्तु मतमाज्ञाय समनह्यत सा चमूः ।
अयोजयन्रथांस्तूर्णं पर्यधावंस्तथापरे ॥२॥

2. rājñastu matamājñāya samanahyata sā camūḥ ,
ayojayanrathāṁstūrṇaṁ paryadhāvaṁstathāpare.

2. rājñaḥ tu matam ājñāya samanahyata sā camūḥ
ayojayan rathān tūrṇam paryadhāvan tathā apare

2. tu rājñaḥ matam ājñāya,
sā camūḥ samanahyata.
rathān tūrṇam ayojayan,
tathā apare paryadhāvan.

2. And that army, having understood the king's command, prepared itself. Some quickly harnessed the chariots, while others hurried about.

Words meanings summery:

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, however, and)

• मतम् (matam) - command (opinion, intention, command, thought)

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having understood (having known, having understood, having perceived)

• समनह्यत (samanahyata) - prepared itself (prepared itself, got ready, was armed)

• सा (sā) - that (that (feminine))

• चमूः (camūḥ) - army (army, host)

• अयोजयन् (ayojayan) - they harnessed (they harnessed, they yoked, they engaged)

• रथान् (rathān) - chariots

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• पर्यधावन् (paryadhāvan) - they hurried about (they ran around, they hastened, they surrounded)

• तथा (tathā) - while (thus, so, and, also)

• अपरे (apare) - others (others, other ones)

Words meanings and morphology

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Possessive, referring to 'matam'.

तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, however, and)

(indeclinable)

मतम् (matam) - command (opinion, intention, command, thought)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mata

mata - thought, opinion, intention, command, agreeable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root man (to think) with suffix kta (Pāṇini 3.2.102)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of 'ājñāya'.

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having understood (having known, having understood, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (lyap)

Formed from root jñā with prefix ā and suffix lyap (Pāṇini 3.4.21)

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

समनह्यत (samanahyata) - prepared itself (prepared itself, got ready, was armed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of saṃnah

imperfect tense (laṅ)

From root nah (to bind) with prefix sam, middle voice, augment a-

Prefix: sam

Root: nah (class 4)

Note: Main verb for 'camūḥ'.

सा (sā) - that (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Qualifies 'camūḥ'.

चमूः (camūḥ) - army (army, host)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of camū

camū - army, host, troop

Root: cam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'samanahyata'.

अयोजयन् (ayojayan) - they harnessed (they harnessed, they yoked, they engaged)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of yuj

imperfect tense (laṅ) causative

From root yuj, causative (yojayati), imperfect 3rd plural active. Augment a-.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Implied subject is 'some' of the army.

रथान् (rathān) - chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, warrior fighting from a chariot

Root: ramh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'ayojayan'.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Root: tvṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'ayojayan'.

पर्यधावन् (paryadhāvan) - they hurried about (they ran around, they hastened, they surrounded)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of paridhāv

imperfect tense (laṅ)

From root dhāv (to run) with prefix pari, imperfect 3rd plural active. Augment a-.

Prefix: pari

Root: dhāv (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'apare'.

तथा (tathā) - while (thus, so, and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - others (others, other ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior

Note: Subject of 'paryadhāvan'.