महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-64, verse-37

स तद्वचनमाज्ञाय राज्ञो ब्राह्मणसत्तमः ।
कलशं पूर्णमादाय राज्ञोऽन्तिकमुपागमत् ॥३७॥

37. sa tadvacanamājñāya rājño brāhmaṇasattamaḥ ,
kalaśaṁ pūrṇamādāya rājño'ntikamupāgamat.

37. saḥ tat vacanam ājñāya rājñaḥ brāhmaṇasattamaḥ
kalaśam pūrṇam ādāya rājñaḥ antikam upāgamat

37. saḥ brāhmaṇasattamaḥ rājñaḥ tat vacanam ājñāya
pūrṇam kalaśam ādāya rājñaḥ antikam upāgamat

37. That excellent brahmin, having understood the king's command, took a full pitcher and approached the king's presence.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तत् (tat) - that, his

• वचनम् (vacanam) - command (of the king) (word, speech, command)

• आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having understood, having perceived

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• ब्राह्मणसत्तमः (brāhmaṇasattamaḥ) - most excellent brahmin, best among brahmins

• कलशम् (kalaśam) - pitcher, water-pot, jar

• पूर्णम् (pūrṇam) - full, complete

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• अन्तिकम् (antikam) - vicinity, presence, near

• उपागमत् (upāgamat) - approached, went near

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तत् (tat) - that, his

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here as an adjective for 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - command (of the king) (word, speech, command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, utterance, word, command

Derived from √vac (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

आज्ञाय (ājñāya) - having known, having understood, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From prefix ā + √jñā (to know)

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

ब्राह्मणसत्तमः (brāhmaṇasattamaḥ) - most excellent brahmin, best among brahmins

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇasattama

brāhmaṇasattama - most excellent brahmin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brāhmaṇa+sattama)

• brāhmaṇa – brahmin, relating to a brahmin
  noun (masculine)
  From brahman
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

Note: Refers to Kṛpa, who is addressed in the next verse.

कलशम् (kalaśam) - pitcher, water-pot, jar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kalaśa

kalaśa - pitcher, water-pot, jar

पूर्णम् (pūrṇam) - full, complete

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pūrṇa

pūrṇa - full, complete, filled

Past Passive Participle

From √pṛ (to fill)

Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'kalaśam'.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having received

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

From prefix ā + √dā (to give, here used as 'to take' with ā)

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

अन्तिकम् (antikam) - vicinity, presence, near

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antika

antika - near, proximity, vicinity

Note: Often used with motion verbs to indicate 'to the vicinity of'.

उपागमत् (upāgamat) - approached, went near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of upāgam

From upasargas upa + ā + √gam (to go)

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)