महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-64, verse-6

महावातसमुत्थेन संशुष्कमिव सागरम् ।
पूर्णचन्द्रमिव व्योम्नि तुषारावृतमण्डलम् ॥६॥

6. mahāvātasamutthena saṁśuṣkamiva sāgaram ,
pūrṇacandramiva vyomni tuṣārāvṛtamaṇḍalam.

6. mahāvātasamutthena saṃśuṣkam iva sāgaram
pūrṇacandram iva vyomni tuṣārāvṛtamaṇḍalam

6. sāgaram iva mahāvātasamutthena saṃśuṣkam;
pūrṇacandram iva tuṣārāvṛtamaṇḍalam vyomni

6. Like an ocean dried up by a great wind, or like a full moon in the sky whose orb is covered with frost.

Words meanings summery:

• महावातसमुत्थेन (mahāvātasamutthena) - by a great wind that has arisen, by a strong wind produced

• संशुष्कम् (saṁśuṣkam) - dried up, withered, desiccated

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• सागरम् (sāgaram) - ocean, sea

• पूर्णचन्द्रम् (pūrṇacandram) - full moon

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• व्योम्नि (vyomni) - in the sky, in space, in the atmosphere

• तुषारावृतमण्डलम् (tuṣārāvṛtamaṇḍalam) - having its orb covered with frost, whose disc is obscured by mist

Words meanings and morphology

महावातसमुत्थेन (mahāvātasamutthena) - by a great wind that has arisen, by a strong wind produced

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahāvātasamutthita

mahāvātasamutthita - arisen from a great wind, produced by a great wind

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahāvāta+samutthita)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• samutthita – arisen, produced, standing up
  participle (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `sthā` (to stand) with prefixes `sam` and `ud` and `kta` suffix.
  Prefixes: sam+ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Describes the agent (wind) that causes the drying.

संशुष्कम् (saṁśuṣkam) - dried up, withered, desiccated

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃśuṣka

saṁśuṣka - dried up, withered, desiccated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `śuṣ` (to dry) with prefix `sam` and `kta` suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: śuṣ (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `sāgaram`.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

सागरम् (sāgaram) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāgara

sāgara - ocean, sea

Note: This accusative singular form could also be neuter, but `sāgara` is generally masculine. Given it's a comparison for a (masculine) hero, it fits.

पूर्णचन्द्रम् (pūrṇacandram) - full moon

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pūrṇacandra

pūrṇacandra - full moon

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrṇa+candra)

• pūrṇa – full, complete, filled
  participle (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `pṛ` (to fill) with `kta` suffix.
  Root: pṛ (class 3)
• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used as a comparison for the hero's former glory or present diminished state.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

व्योम्नि (vyomni) - in the sky, in space, in the atmosphere

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyoman

vyoman - sky, atmosphere, space

तुषारावृतमण्डलम् (tuṣārāvṛtamaṇḍalam) - having its orb covered with frost, whose disc is obscured by mist

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tuṣārāvṛtamaṇḍala

tuṣārāvṛtamaṇḍala - having its orb covered with frost, whose disc is obscured by mist/snow

Compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tuṣāra+āvṛta+maṇḍala)

• tuṣāra – frost, mist, dew, snow
  noun (masculine)
• āvṛta – covered, veiled, surrounded, obscured
  participle (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `vṛ` (to cover) with prefix `ā` and `kta` suffix.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• maṇḍala – orb, disc, circle, region
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `pūrṇacandram`. Masculine because `pūrṇacandram` is masculine.