महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-12, verse-40

मद्रराजधनुर्मुक्तैः शरैः कनकभूषणैः ।
निरन्तरमिवाकाशं संबभूव जनाधिप ॥४०॥

40. madrarājadhanurmuktaiḥ śaraiḥ kanakabhūṣaṇaiḥ ,
nirantaramivākāśaṁ saṁbabhūva janādhipa.

40. madrarājadhanurmuktaiḥ śaraiḥ kanakabhūṣaṇaiḥ
nirantaram iva ākāśam saṃbabhūva janādhipa

40. janādhipa madrarājadhanurmuktaiḥ kanakabhūṣaṇaiḥ
śaraiḥ ākāśam nirantaram iva saṃbabhūva

40. O lord of men (janādhipa), the sky became completely filled, as if without any gaps, by the gold-ornamented arrows released from the King of Madra's (madrarāja) bow.

Words meanings summery:

• मद्रराजधनुर्मुक्तैः (madrarājadhanurmuktaiḥ) - by those released from the King of Madra's bow (by those released from the bow of the King of Madra)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• कनकभूषणैः (kanakabhūṣaṇaiḥ) - by gold-ornamented (arrows) (by gold ornaments, adorned with gold)

• निरन्तरम् (nirantaram) - completely filled, without gaps (without gaps, continuous, completely filled)

• इव (iva) - as if (for comparison) (like, as, as if)

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky (sky, ether, space)

• संबभूव (saṁbabhūva) - became completely filled (became, came to be, was completely filled)

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O lord of men (O lord of people, O king)

Words meanings and morphology

मद्रराजधनुर्मुक्तैः (madrarājadhanurmuktaiḥ) - by those released from the King of Madra's bow (by those released from the bow of the King of Madra)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of madrarājadhanurmukta

madrarājadhanurmukta - released from the bow of the King of Madra

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root muc (to release). Compound of 'madrarāja', 'dhanus', and 'mukta'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madrarāja+dhanus+mukta)

• madrarāja – King of Madra
  proper noun (masculine)
• dhanus – bow
  noun (neuter)
• mukta – released, set free, discharged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root muc (to release).
  Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ (class 9)

Note: Agent of the action 'saṃbabhūva' (filled the sky).

कनकभूषणैः (kanakabhūṣaṇaiḥ) - by gold-ornamented (arrows) (by gold ornaments, adorned with gold)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kanakabhūṣaṇa

kanakabhūṣaṇa - gold ornament, adorned with gold

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kanaka+bhūṣaṇa)

• kanaka – gold
  noun (neuter)
• bhūṣaṇa – ornament, decoration
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root bhūṣ (to adorn).
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.

निरन्तरम् (nirantaram) - completely filled, without gaps (without gaps, continuous, completely filled)

(indeclinable)

Formed with prefix 'nis' (without) and 'antara' (interval).

Note: Modifies the verb 'saṃbabhūva'.

इव (iva) - as if (for comparison) (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky (sky, ether, space)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, ether, space, atmosphere

Prefix: ā

Root: kāś (class 1)

Note: Object of 'saṃbabhūva' (became).

संबभूव (saṁbabhūva) - became completely filled (became, came to be, was completely filled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of sam√bhū

Perfect Tense, Active Voice

3rd person singular. Formed from root bhū with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - O lord of men (O lord of people, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of people, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – people, man, creature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, chief
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: adhi

Note: Addressed to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.