महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-12, verse-27

ते वार्यमाणाः समरे मद्रराज्ञा महारथाः ।
न शेकुः प्रमुखे स्थातुं तस्य शत्रुनिषूदनाः ॥२७॥

27. te vāryamāṇāḥ samare madrarājñā mahārathāḥ ,
na śekuḥ pramukhe sthātuṁ tasya śatruniṣūdanāḥ.

27. te vāryamāṇāḥ samare madrarājñā mahārathāḥ na
śekuḥ pramukhe sthātum tasya śatruniṣūdanāḥ

27. madrarājñā samare vāryamāṇāḥ te mahārathāḥ
śatruniṣūdanāḥ tasya pramukhe sthātum na śekuḥ

27. Though those great chariot-warriors, who were destroyers of enemies, were being repelled in battle by the king of Madra (Śalya), they were unable to stand before him.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those

• वार्यमाणाः (vāryamāṇāḥ) - being restrained, being checked, being repelled

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• मद्रराज्ञा (madrarājñā) - by the king of Madra (Śalya)

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot-warriors

• न (na) - not, no

• शेकुः (śekuḥ) - were able

• प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - in front of, in the presence of, at the head

• स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand, to remain, to stay

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• शत्रुनिषूदनाः (śatruniṣūdanāḥ) - destroyers of enemies, vanquishers of foes

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

वार्यमाणाः (vāryamāṇāḥ) - being restrained, being checked, being repelled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāryamāṇa

vāryamāṇa - being restrained, being hindered

Present Passive Participle

derived from the causative of root `vṛ` (to cover, restrain)

Root: vṛ (class 9)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

मद्रराज्ञा (madrarājñā) - by the king of Madra (Śalya)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of madrarājan

madrarājan - king of Madra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (madra+rājan)

• madra – Madra (name of a country and its people)
  proper noun
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great chariot-warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, great chariot-fighter

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शेकुः (śekuḥ) - were able

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

प्रमुखे (pramukhe) - in front of, in the presence of, at the head

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pramukha

pramukha - front, chief, leader

Compound type : karmadhāraya (pra+mukha)

• pra – forward, onward, forth
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

स्थातुम् (sthātum) - to stand, to remain, to stay

(infinitive)

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

शत्रुनिषूदनाः (śatruniṣūdanāḥ) - destroyers of enemies, vanquishers of foes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śatruniṣūdana

śatruniṣūdana - destroyer of enemies, enemy-slayer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+niṣūdana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• niṣūdana – destroying, crushing, slayer
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root `sūd` with prefix `ni`
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sūd (class 10)