महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-12, verse-37

नानाशस्त्रौघबहुलां शस्त्रवृष्टिं समुत्थिताम् ।
व्यधमत्समरे राजन्महाभ्राणीव मारुतः ॥३७॥

37. nānāśastraughabahulāṁ śastravṛṣṭiṁ samutthitām ,
vyadhamatsamare rājanmahābhrāṇīva mārutaḥ.

37. nānāśastraughabahulāṃ śastravṛṣṭiṃ samutthitām
vyadhamat samare rājan mahābhrāṇi iva mārutaḥ

37. rājan samare mārutaḥ mahābhrāṇi iva nānāśastraughabahulām
samutthitām śastravṛṣṭim (saḥ) vyadhamat

37. O king, in battle, he (the king of Madra) scattered the rising shower of weapons, which was abundant with various types of missiles, just as the wind scatters great clouds.

Words meanings summery:

• नानाशस्त्रौघबहुलां (nānāśastraughabahulāṁ) - abundant with streams of various weapons, comprising many weapon-showers

• शस्त्रवृष्टिं (śastravṛṣṭiṁ) - rain of weapons, shower of missiles

• समुत्थिताम् (samutthitām) - arisen, rising, sprung up

• व्यधमत् (vyadhamat) - The subject is implied to be the king of Madra (Śalya). (scattered, blew away, dispersed)

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

• राजन् (rājan) - The narrator addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king)

• महाभ्राणि (mahābhrāṇi) - great clouds

• इव (iva) - introduces a simile (like, as, as if)

• मारुतः (mārutaḥ) - the wind, Vāyu

Words meanings and morphology

नानाशस्त्रौघबहुलां (nānāśastraughabahulāṁ) - abundant with streams of various weapons, comprising many weapon-showers

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nānāśastraughabahula

nānāśastraughabahula - abundant with various streams/multitudes of weapons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nānā+śastra+ogha+bahula)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• śastra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śas (class 2)
• ogha – stream, flood, multitude, mass
  noun (masculine)
• bahula – abundant, numerous, plentiful
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies śastravṛṣṭiṃ.

शस्त्रवृष्टिं (śastravṛṣṭiṁ) - rain of weapons, shower of missiles

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śastravṛṣṭi

śastravṛṣṭi - rain of weapons, shower of missiles

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śastra+vṛṣṭi)

• śastra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śas (class 2)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of vyadhamat.

समुत्थिताम् (samutthitām) - arisen, rising, sprung up

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of samutthita

samutthita - risen, sprung up, elevated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sam-ud-√sthā (to rise up).

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies śastravṛṣṭiṃ.

व्यधमत् (vyadhamat) - The subject is implied to be the king of Madra (Śalya). (scattered, blew away, dispersed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of vyadham

Imperfect tense

3rd person singular active imperfect of vi-√dhmā (to blow).

Prefix: vi

Root: dhmā (class 1)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

राजन् (rājan) - The narrator addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

महाभ्राणि (mahābhrāṇi) - great clouds

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of mahābhrā

mahābhrā - great cloud

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+abhra)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
  Root: mah (class 1)
• abhra – cloud
  noun (neuter)

इव (iva) - introduces a simile (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

मारुतः (mārutaḥ) - the wind, Vāyu

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of māruta

māruta - wind, air, Vāyu (god of wind)

Derived from marut (wind, deity).

Note: Subject of the simile.