महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-12, verse-2

तमेकं बहुभिर्दृष्ट्वा पीड्यमानं महारथैः ।
साधुवादो महाञ्जज्ञे सिद्धाश्चासन्प्रहर्षिताः ।
आश्चर्यमित्यभाषन्त मुनयश्चापि संगताः ॥२॥

2. tamekaṁ bahubhirdṛṣṭvā pīḍyamānaṁ mahārathaiḥ ,
sādhuvādo mahāñjajñe siddhāścāsanpraharṣitāḥ ,
āścaryamityabhāṣanta munayaścāpi saṁgatāḥ.

2. tam ekam bahubhiḥ dṛṣṭvā pīḍyamānam
mahārathaiḥ sādhuvādaḥ mahān jajñe
siddhāḥ ca āsan praharṣitāḥ āścaryam
iti abhāṣanta munayaḥ ca api saṃgatāḥ

2. tam ekam mahārathaiḥ bahubhiḥ pīḍyamānam
dṛṣṭvā mahān sādhuvādaḥ jajñe
siddhāḥ ca praharṣitāḥ āsan saṃgatāḥ
munayaḥ ca api āścaryam iti abhāṣanta

2. When they saw that one (warrior) being pressed hard by many great charioteers, a mighty cheer (sādhuvāda) arose, and the perfected beings (siddhas) became greatly delighted. And the assembled sages also exclaimed, "This is astonishing!"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that (one)

• एकम् (ekam) - one, single

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

• पीड्यमानम् (pīḍyamānam) - being oppressed, being tormented, being pressed

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers, by mighty warriors

• साधुवादः (sādhuvādaḥ) - praise, cheer, acclaim, approval

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty

• जज्ञे (jajñe) - arose, was born, happened

• सिद्धाः (siddhāḥ) - perfected beings, celestials, accomplished ones

• च (ca) - and, also

• आसन् (āsan) - were

• प्रहर्षिताः (praharṣitāḥ) - greatly delighted, overjoyed

• आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder, astonishment, amazing

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, marking direct speech

• अभाषन्त (abhāṣanta) - they spoke, they said

• मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• संगताः (saṁgatāḥ) - assembled, gathered, met

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that (one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एकम् (ekam) - one, single

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, unique, singular

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - by many

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form from root dṛś.

पीड्यमानम् (pīḍyamānam) - being oppressed, being tormented, being pressed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pīḍyamāna

pīḍyamāna - being tormented, being oppressed, being pressed

Present Passive Participle

Formed from root pīḍ (class 10) in passive voice with suffix -māna.

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by great charioteers, by mighty warriors

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, warrior of great strength

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (one who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

साधुवादः (sādhuvādaḥ) - praise, cheer, acclaim, approval

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sādhuvāda

sādhuvāda - praise, cheer, approval, acclamation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sādhu+vāda)

• sādhu – good, virtuous, proper, saint
  adjective (masculine)
• vāda – speech, statement, discussion, sound
  noun (masculine)

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Agrees with 'sādhuvādaḥ'.

जज्ञे (jajñe) - arose, was born, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Perfect (Lit) of jan

Root: jan (class 4)

सिद्धाः (siddhāḥ) - perfected beings, celestials, accomplished ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siddha

siddha - accomplished, perfected, successful; a class of celestial beings

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आसन् (āsan) - were

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Imperfect (Laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

प्रहर्षिताः (praharṣitāḥ) - greatly delighted, overjoyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of praharṣita

praharṣita - delighted, overjoyed, excited

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root hṛṣ with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'siddhāḥ'.

आश्चर्यम् (āścaryam) - wonder, astonishment, amazing

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āścarya

āścarya - wonder, astonishment, surprise, marvel

Note: Used as an exclamation here.

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, marking direct speech

(indeclinable)

अभाषन्त (abhāṣanta) - they spoke, they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, Imperfect (Laṅ) of bhāṣ

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

संगताः (saṁgatāḥ) - assembled, gathered, met

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃgata

saṁgata - assembled, joined, met, gone together

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root gam with upasarga sam-.

Prefix: sam

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'munayaḥ'.